MIDI and Control

MAT 200B

Andrés Cabrera

Before MIDI

Before MIDI

Before MIDI

Propietary interfaces (e.g. DCB)

http://machines.hyperreal.org/features/before-midi.html

MIDI

Musical Instrument Digital Interface


Dave Smith from Sequential Circuits proposed this standard at the Audio Engineering Society show in November 1981


January 1983 Winter NAMM Show, Smith was able to demonstrate a MIDI connection between his Prophet 600 analog synthesizer and a Roland JP-6


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MIDI

MIDI


http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2A6ZXZwl3nA

MIDI

MIDI Controllers and modules

MIDI modules












http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D7OeRkXWTtQ
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_SGwDhKTrwU

MIDI Protocol


Status Byte
followed by 1 or more data bytes

MIDI messages are made up of 8-bit words (commonly called bytes) that are transmitted serially at 31.25 kbaud.

MIDI Data


  • MIDI data is enconded using 7-bits
    • or groups of 7 bits
  • 1 bit is used for status/data identification
  • 7-bit resolution => range 0-127
  • This range is mapped to "musical" values
    • notes
      • middle C = 60
      • each value is a semitone


+ System messages ( e.g. SYSEX :System exclusive messages)
where everything else goes

MIDI Sequencers


Time is frozen!

Standard MIDI files

Once computer sequencers were available,

it was clear that a format for storing MIDI files on disk was needed.


MIDI has no timing information!


So the Standard MIDI file (SMF) adds this

before each MIDI message

in the form of time deltas to previous message

Standard MIDI file

Type I:

Single track

Type II:

Multi-track

Type III:

Multi sequence


MIDI files became ubiquitous in Karaoke machines and ring tones

General MIDI


Another addition to the MIDI standard to standardize instrument types and sounds


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_MIDI


Other forms of control

Several have been proposed


but the only one that has caught on is OSC

(Open Sound Control)


OSC


  • OSC is a content format developed at CNMAT by Adrian Freed and Matt Wright
  • Transport independent, although frequently implemented using the UDP protocol over ethernet.
  • OSC messages consist of an Address pattern, a Type tag string, Arguments and an optional time tag
  • Has not replaced MIDI, but now available in many systems including large propietary ones.



MIDI and Control

By mantaraya36

MIDI and Control

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