Features

The Read-Eval-Print-Loop

Single line

Multi line

$ node
> var foo = "Hello World!";
undefined
> foo;
'Hello World!'
> console.log(foo);
Hello World!
undefined

> for (var i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
... console.log(i);
... }
0
1
2
undefined

.save filename

.editor

Modules

npm

npm install commander@1.0.x
npm install commander@"~1.1.0"

https://www.npmjs.com/

Where they come from

Where they are placed

global vs local

npm root
npm root -g

npm ls [--depth]
npm ls -g

npm outdated

npm update

The require() Function

Modules resolved by path

Modules resolved by name

require.resolve("http");

function requireUncached(module){
    delete require.cache[require.resolve(module)]
    return require(module)
}

CommonJS vs ES6

require resolution

node_modules

package.json

basic structure, deps, scripts

npm repo [package name]

Patterns

Callbacks (async call with process.nextTick)

Event Emitter (Observable)

Promises

Event emitter

mechanism for tracking state changes

Consuming events

emitter.on(eventName, listener)

server.on('connection', (stream) => {
  console.log('someone connected!');
});

Creating event emitter

const EventEmitter = require('events');

class MyEmitter extends EventEmitter {}

ES6

var EventEmitter = require('events');
var inherits = require('util').inherits;

function MyEmitter() {
    EventEmitter.call(this);
}

inherits(MyEmitter, EventEmitter);

ES5

Producing events

emitter.emit(eventName, listener)

const myEmitter = new MyEmitter();

myEmitter.on('event', (param1, param2) => {
  console.log('an event occurred!', param1, param2); 
  // logs `an event occurred!,3,4`
});

myEmitter.emit('event', 3, 4);

Error handling

const myEmitter = new MyEmitter();

myEmitter.on('error', (error) => {
  console.log('an error occurred!', error); 
});

myEmitter.emit('error', {});

Catching in process

Catching in even temitter

const myEmitter = new MyEmitter();

process.on('uncaughtException', function(err) {
    console.log('an error occured');
});

myEmitter.emit('error', {});

HTTP transaction

Create a listening server

var http = require('http');

var server = http.createServer(function(request, response) {
  // server requests are processed here
});

since `server` is an instance of event emitter

var server = http.createServer();

server.on('request', function(request, response) {
   // the same functionality can be implemented here
});

and start listening

server.listen(8543);

Obtain request details

const server = http.createServer(function (request, response) {
    const headers = request.headers;
    const method = request.method;
    const url = request.url;

    if (headers['user-agent'].includes('Chrome') && method === 'GET' && url.includes('say-hello')) {
        response.write('Hello to Chrome!');
    } else {
        response.write('Unknown request!');
    }

    response.end();
});

Getting request body

const http = require('http');
const fs = require('fs');

const server = http.createServer(function (request, response) {
    const method = request.method;
    const url = request.url;

    if (method === 'POST' && url.includes('write-file')) {
        let body = [];
        request.on('error', function (err) {
            console.error(err);
        }).on('data', function (chunk) {
            body.push(chunk);
        }).on('end', function () {
            body = Buffer.concat(body).toString();
            fs.writeFile("request-body.txt", body, (err) => {
                if (err) {
                    response.statusCode = 500;
                }
                response.end();
            });
        });
    } else {
        response.statusCode = 404;
        response.end();
    }
});

server.listen(5155);

Setting response body

const http = require('http');
const fs = require('fs');
const path = require('path');

const server = http.createServer(function (request, response) {
    const method = request.method;
    const url = request.url;

    if (method === 'GET') {
        fs.readFile(path.join(__dirname, url.substr(1)), (error, data) => {
            if (error) {
                response.statusCode = 404;
            } else {
                response.write(data);
            }
            response.end();
        });
    } else {
        response.statusCode = 404;
        response.end();
    }
});

server.listen(5155);

Using streams

const server = http.createServer(function (request, response) {
    const method = request.method;
    const url = request.url;

    if (method === 'POST' && url.includes('write-file')) {
        const file = fs.createWriteStream('request-body.txt');
        request.pipe(file);
    } else {
        response.statusCode = 404;
        response.end();
    }
});

Reading request body

Writing to response body

const server = http.createServer(function (request, response) {
    const method = request.method;
    const url = request.url;

    if (method === 'GET') {
        const file = fs.createReadStream(url.substr(1));
        file.pipe(response);
    } else {
        response.statusCode = 404;
        response.end();
    }
});