THE INCA EMPIRE

Evelyn Vadillo García 2º ESO "C"

Miguel Ruiz Moreno 2º ESO "B"

Economy

Most inhabitants of the empire would have lived in a traditional economy in which male heads of household were required to pay taxes both in kind (e.g., crops, textiles, etc.) and in the form of the mit'a corvée labor and military obligations, though barter (or trueque) was also present in some areas. In return, the state provided security, food in times of hardship through the supply of emergency resources, agricultural projects (e.g. aqueducts and terraces) to increase productivity, and occasional feasts.

A traditional economy is an original economic system in which traditions, customs, and beliefs shape the goods and the products the society creates. Countries that use this type of economic system are often rural and farm-based. Also known as a subsistence economy.

Society

The Inca society was rigid. There were large differences between social classes, being these differences respected by all the inhabitants of the Empire. Nested classes formed a pyramid where the Inca, with all power, was at the top, while the people, who were the majority , formed its social base.

Society: Social Sectors

1. -The Inca, considered the son of the Sun, was the highest authority and was at the top of the social pyramid.

2. - The Nobility.

2.1. - Nobility of Blood:

The Cuzco elite consisted of the clans or royal families, including wives, children and descendants of the Incas.

2.2. - Nobility of Privilege: The chiefs or heads of conquered peoples formed a local elite that held power in their respective regions and established the link between the community and the state.

3. - The Ayllu. The base of the society was formed by the rune hatun or ayllu members, who were farmers, fishermen, shepherds, artisans and merchants. Moreover, including mitmaq or mitimaes groups moved by the Inca to conquer other regions, and yanas or people dedicated to serving the Inca and the nobility were.

Culture

The Inca Civilization is a pre-Columbian culture that developed in the Andean region. Surge in early XIII. It originates in the basin of Cuzco in Peru today and then develops along the Pacific Ocean and the Andes that covers the western part of South America. In its heyday, stretching from Colombia until Argentina and Chile, Beyond Ecuador, Peru and Bolivia. The Inca Empire is one of the great empires of ancient America, which was ruled by the Supreme Sapa Inca. The Inca Empire was invaded and conquered by the Spaniards under the command of Francisco Pizarro in 1532 .

One of the peculiarities of this great empire is that achievement establish the original state organization of diverse people with diverse cultural societies . As the Inca empire consisted of many different peoples and more than 700 different languages ​​spoken within its territory the Incas , however, succeeded in imposing Quechua as an official language.

King's position was hereditary, exercised the fittest son to perform the duties.

Religion

The Inca religion was a set of beliefs and rituals that were related to a mythological system evolved from the pre-Inca times to the Tahuantinsuyo Faith in the Tahuantinsuyo manifested in every aspect of his life, his work, festivals, ceremonies, and so on . The population of the Tahuantinsuyo was not an abstract concept of God and there was no word to define. They were polytheists, and there were divinities local, regional and pan- regional The word  "camaquen " defined the vital force that animated all that existed on earth, according to the faith of Tahuantinsuyo living things and dead had " camaquen ", including hills , rocks , lakes and other holy beings had' camaquen »  This could not be understood by European settlers who equated the word " camaquen" to the word "soul" of Catholic beliefs, when clearly tried to separate concepts.

Evolution

It has divided the history of Tahuantinsuyo into four periods: Curacal Period: Government of the first two Incas: Manco Capac and Sinchiroca. They underwent the valley towns of Cusco and settled there. Monarchic period : Government of the following Incas : Lloque Yupanqui , Mayta Capac Yupanqui , Inca Roca, Yawar Waka and Huiracocha. Reforzaron the domain in the valley of Cusco and invaded the neighboring valleys. Imperial Period: From this era has verifiable historical data and Inca existence real. That stage ranges from Pachacutec up Huayna Cápac. Se imposed on neighboring nations and formed a great empire. Imperial Decline : From civil war between Huascar and Atahualpa until the Spanish conquest.

References

1. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inca_Empire
2. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inca_Empire#Economy
3. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traditional_economy
4. "Chronology of the Incas" at Google Images
5. "Inca Culture" at Google Search
6. "Universal History" at Google Search

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