University writing 30:151

March 29, 2016 (Grammar Review)

PART 1: CLAUSES AND PUNCTUATION

We are going to that event, it features one of our favourite bands Vampire Weekend.

ERROR: COMMA SPLICE (CONNECTING 2 INDEPENDENT CLAUSES WITH A COMMA)

Correct: We are going to that event because it features one of our favourite bands, vampire weekend.

correct: we are going to that event; it features one of our favourite bands, vampire weekend.

renaissance dramatists shakespeare for one experimented with structure setting character and dialogue.

error: punctuation necessary to offset interrupting clause and indicate a series of more than 2 elements.

correct: renaissance dramatists -- shakespeare, for one -- experimented with structure, setting, character, and dialogue.

google books an online database, stores digital books for study in many areas including the humanities the social sciences and ENVIRONMENTAL science.

error: appositives should be clearly marked by commas. series also require commas.

google books, an online database, stores digital books for study in many areas, including the humanities, the social sciences, and environmental science.

the rock was born dwayne douglas johnson in hayward california on may 2 1972.

error: locations and dates require commas for separation.

the rock was born dwayne douglas johnson in haywardcalifornia on may 2, 1972.

in 1925 when f. scott fitzgerald published the great gatsby; the novel did not have the commercial success he expected.

error: semi-colon used incorrectly

in 1925, when f. scott fitzgerald published the great gatsbythe novel did not have the commercial success he expected.

"in 1925" is an introductory clause without a subject

 

"when . . ." is an interrupting clause that describes "1925"

joel can write the memo, rachel can talk to the board and write the follow-up, but we will have our official protest arrange for the next meeting.

joel can write the memo, while rachel can talk to the board and write the follow-up, but we will have our official protest arranged for the next meeting.

joel can write the memo, and rachel can talk to the board and write the follow up, but we will have our official protest arranged for the next meeting. 

the weather system el niño which becomes dominant in some years sends warm air from the gulf stream, yet it does not guarantee higher rates of precipitation.

ERROR: NON-RESTRICTIVE CLAUSES should be OFFSET BY COMMAS

the weather system el niño, which becomes dominant in some years, sends warm air from the gulf stream, yet it does not guarantee higher rates of precipitation.

john smith stated "manual analysis of molecules is laborious and i mean really laborious and time consuming."

error: when quoting dialogue, a comma follows the verb and precedes the quote.

john smith stated, "manual analysis of molecules is laborious, and i mean really laborious, and time consuming."

Robert Millikin an American physicist succeeded only in showing that Einstein was right and he helped prove that photons little particles of light really do exist. 

Robert Millikin, an American physicist, succeeded only in showing that Einstein was right, and he helped prove that photons, little particles of light, really do exist. 

part 2: apostrophes

According to experts’, thirty minutes’ of exercise per day is enough to work anyones heart enough to improve ones endurance and flexibility.

According to experts, thirty minutes of exercise per day is enough to work anyone's heart enough to improve one's endurance and flexibility.

Part 3: fragments and run-on sentences

Although some viewers suggest that these television series provide an escape from everyday life. 

ERROR: "ALTHOUGH" CREATES A SUBORDINATE CLAUSE, WHICH, WITHOUT AN INDEPENDENT CLAUSE, IS A FRAGMENT.

Although some viewers suggest that these television series provide an escape from everyday life. 

although some viewers suggest that soap operas provide an escape from everyday life, they function as entertainment.

The advertisers are happy to support this kind of TV, the actors want the work so the networks put them on the air.  

error: comma splice (a common form of run-on sentence)

The advertisers are happy to support this kind of TV, and the actors want the work, so the networks put them on the air.  

The advertisers are happy to support this kind of TV; since the actors also want the work, the networks put them on the air.  

Because soap operas are interested in representing life as a drama, although they do feature some plausible scenarios.  

error: two subordinate clauses without an independent clause results in an incomplete sentence.

because soap operas are interested in representing life as a drama, although they do feature some plausible scenarios.  

because soap operas are interested in representing life as a drama, although they feature some implausible scenarios.

Considering how long these series last which tells us that enough people like them. 

subject:  "considering how long these series last" (VERB PHRASE WORKING AS A NOUN-SUBJECT)

PREDICATE: "TELLS US THAT ENOUGH PEOPLE LIKE THEM"

consider how long these series last. It means that enough people like them.

imperative mood: a command or request with the implied subject "you" that works as an independent clause.

[you] consider how long these series last.

PART 4: PARALLELISM

PART 5: AGREEMENTS

Each of the hockey players on the men’s team were putting effort into today’s game. Their loss was devastating so they drove home alone to his wife. 

Each of the hockey players on the men’s team was putting effort into today’s game. one player's loss was devastating so he drove home alone to his wife . 

the hockey players on the men’s team were putting effort into today’s game. Their loss was devastating so they drove home alone to their wives

All the subjects—both men and women—thought that he or she was

about to see the results of the test. 

error: a plural subject requires a plural pronoun. "he or she" is singular.

All the subjects—both men and women—thought that they were

about to see the results of the test. 

A student who applies for scholarships must make sure they have all the adequate documentation.

ERROR: a singular subject requires a singular pronoun.

students who apply for scholarships must make sure they have all the adequate documentation.

a student who applies for scholarships must make sure he or she has all all the adequate documentation.

Many of the cans were gathered into bags; it was then taken away by the garbage truck. 

error: what does the singular "it" refer to? a plural noun requires a plural pronoun. 

many of the cans were gathered into bags; they were then taken away by the garbage truck.

most of the cans were gathered into a bag, then it was taken away by the garbage truck.

Any men who want their testosterone tested needs to be aware of the dangers he faces if he opts for hormone replacement therapy.

error: INCONSISTENCY in perspective causes problems with agreements. is the sentence about one man or many?

men who want their testosterone tested need to be aware of the dangers they face if they opt for hormone replacement therapy.

any man who wants his testosterone tested needs to be aware of the dangers he faces if he opts for hormone replacement therapy.

Any one of the girls have the opportunity to show their favourite toy at show and tell. 

error: a singular subject requires a singular verb and a singular pronoun.

any one of the girls has the opportunity to show her favourite toy at show and tell.

the girls have the opportunity to show their favourite toys at show and tell.

The patients were told to wait calmly in the lobby, as his or her results was still being processed. 

The patients were told to wait calmly in the lobby, as their results were still being processed. 

The cost of replacing the roads and the street signs were deemed too high for this year's budget.

error: a singular subject requires a verb in the singular form.

The cost of replacing the roads and the street signs was deemed too high for this year's budget.

The costs of replacing the roads and the street signs were deemed too high for this year's budget.

Here are a list of reasons why security should check luggage at the airport. 

Here is a list of reasons why security should check luggage at the airport. 

The member of the Conservative Party, who he was worried about, still won the election. 

The member of the Conservative Party, whom he was worried about, still won the election. 

PART 6: MODIFIERS

Once ready for the game, the player’s energy came to a boil. 

ERROR: Dangling elliptical clause. Who is "ready for the game"?

once ready for the game, the player was fully energized.

once the player was ready for the game, his energy came to a boil.

Like a rebel without a cause, it is not uncommon to find that man at the bar on a Wednesday morning.  

ERROR: Dangling prepositional phrase. Who are you describing as "a rebel without a cause"?

like a rebel without a cause, that man can be found at the bar on a wednesday morning.

that man is like a rebel without a cause; he can be found at the bar on a Wednesday morning.

famous in american literature for his character psychology and imagery, fitzgerald's novels did not always sell in the early stages.

famous in american literature for his character psychology and imagery, Fitzgerald published novels that didn't sell well in the early stages.

Part 7: active and passive voice

The younger students were prepared for University by their teachers, but only because the work was done. 

The teachers prepared the younger students for university, but only when they did the work.

The scene was viewed repeatedly by the director, before the props were reassembled for another cut. 

the director viewed the scene repeatedly, before his crew reassembled the props for another cut. 

This idea was found by experienced members to be unacceptable, and their protest was written in a detailed letter to the committee. 

the experienced members found this idea unacceptable, and they wrote their protest in a detailed letter to the committee.

I was walking to the store when I was spotted by my friend. 

While I walked to the store, my friend spotted me.

American politics is often said by critics to be too divisive; indeed, the question could be asked, “Why must wars be waged in our own newsrooms?”

Critics often say that American politics are too divisive; indeed, you could ask the question, "Why must we wage wars in our own newsrooms?"

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UW: March 29 (Grammar Review)

By Trent Gill

UW: March 29 (Grammar Review)

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