Injected!

Photo by Eddie Kopp on Unsplash

IoC

Inversion of control

OOP

Why?

• best for GUI
• you can build loosely coupled architecture
• handy for complex applications/frameworks

Composer

Facts:

• improve dramaticaly DX
• inspired by NPM
• it's no metter where to get some package
• r.i.p drush make
• composer.json for dependencies definitions
  composer.lock - state of the current dependency versions

TWIG

Compiles template into
regular PHP code

No PHP code in template

// DRUPAL 7 bad practice in template detected :)
// legacy_theme/templates/form-payement.tpl.php
<div class="onef-1">
  <?php
  $term_selected=taxonomy_term_load(...);
  $terms = entity_load('taxonomy_term', ...);
  foreach ($terms as $term){
    ...
  }
  ?>
</div>

// => sites/default/files/php/twig/*.php

Sandbox mode

you can execute only predefined functions, filters, etc.

Wasn't it awesome?

// web/core/themes/bartik/templates/block.html.twig
<div{{ attributes.addClass(classes) }}>
  {{ title_prefix }}
  {% if label %}
    <h2{{ title_attributes }}>{{ label }}</h2>
  {% endif %}
  {{ title_suffix }}
  {% block content %}
    <div{{ content_attributes.addClass('content') }}>
      {{ content }}
    </div>
  {% endblock %}
</div>

OOP in templates)

{% include 'template.html' with {
  'foo': 'bar'
} only %}

{% extends "base.html" %}

{% embed "teasers_skeleton.twig" %}

HTTPKernel

GET /search?s=Drupal+8 HTTP/1.1
Host: dru.io
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh)
Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml
Referer: http://dru.io/
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.9
...

$request = Request::createFromGlobals();

\Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Request {
  ...
  public function initialize(...)  {
    $this->request = new ParameterBag($request);
    $this->query = new ParameterBag($query);
    $this->attributes = new ParameterBag($attributes);
    $this->cookies = new ParameterBag($cookies);
    $this->files = new FileBag($files);
    $this->server = new ServerBag($server);
    $this->headers = new HeaderBag(
      $this->server->getHeaders()
    );
    ...
  }
  ...
}

// $_GET['search_key'];
$request->query->get('search_key');
// $_POST['credit_card'];
$request->request->get('credit_card');
$request->get('credit_card');
// Header.
$request->get('host');
$request->getHost();

Middlewares

Middlewares

Middlewares

in Drupal

->step('StackedKernelPass')
    ->step('registerMiddlewares')([// <-using decorator pattern
      'http_middleware.negotiation',
      'http_middleware.reverse_proxy',
      'http_middleware.page_cache',
      'http_middleware.kernel_pre_handle',
      // -> drupalKernel->preHandle later call below steps :)
      // --> loadLegacyIncludes: 
      // comon, database, theme, menu, form...
      // --> loadAllModules
      // --> ...
      'http_middleware.session',
      'http_kernel.basic', // <- ROUTING COMES HERE
      // Request is filled up using event dispatcher system.
      // Also the whole routing process goes here

Drupal

Photo by Greg Rakozy on Unsplash

Render Arrays (RA)

$page = [
  '#type' => 'page',
  'content' => [
    'system_main' => […],
    'another_block' => […],
    '#sorted' => TRUE,
  ],
  'sidebar_first' => [
    …
  ],
];

Born to give developers a freedom for modifying content data before get passed into template engine

Very simple

property

element

sub-element

RA type

Cache system

$build = [
  '#theme' => 'page',
  '#cache' => [
    'tags' => [
      'user:1', 
      'node:2', 
      'custom_tag1'
    ],
  ],
];

$build[
  '#markup' => 'Test tags',
  '#cache' => [
    'contexts' => [
      'url.query_args:search_param',
    ],
  ],
];

$build[
  '#markup' => 'Test max-age',
  '#cache' => [
    'max-age' => Cache::PERMANENT,
  ],
];

26

CMI, Config Entity, Typed Data

Typed Data - ensures that object is type of X

CMI - Export, import, sync between app instances your config data:

config entities, config objects

Config Entity - multiple instances of Config Object 😉

Entities

Definition:
It is some object that could be:

-> loadable

-> enhanced by fields (fieldable)

-> revisionable

-> translatable

Plugins

$ drupal list | grep plugin | wc -l
21

$ drupal dpl | wc -l
53

$ drupal dpl field.formatter | wc -l
50

$ drupal dpl field.field_type | wc -l
34

$ drupal dpl field.widget | wc -l
28

$ drupal dpl block | wc -l
24

$ drupal dpl views.field | wc -l
59

$ drupal dpl views.filter | wc -l
39

...

Drush, Drupal Console

Drush

Console

$ drupal list | grep debug
debug:event (dev)        Displays current events
debug:image:styles (dis) List image styles on the site
debug:libraries (dl)     Displays libraries available in application
debug:module (dm)        Displays current modules available for application
...
$ drupal list | grep debug | wc -l
32

$ drupal list | grep generate
generate:plugin:field (gpf)             Generate field type, widget and formatter plugins.
generate:plugin:fieldformatter (gpff)   Generate field formatter plugin.
generate:plugin:fieldtype (gpft)        Generate field type plugin.
generate:plugin:fieldwidget (gpfw)      Generate field widget plugin.
...
$ drupal list | grep generate | wc -l
45

drush rs
drush entup
drush cr/cc
drush cex/cim
drush status-report
drush config
drush scr
drush core:cli
drush pm:security
....

Drush commands (9.x)

class DevelCommands extends DrushCommands {
  ...
  
  /**
   * Uninstall, and Install modules.

   * @command devel:reinstall
   * @param $modules A comma-separated list of module names.
   * @aliases dre,devel-reinstall
   * @allow-additional-options pm-uninstall,pm-enable
   */
  public function reinstall($modules) {
    ...
    drush_invoke_process('@self', 'pm:uninstall', [$modules_str], []);
    drush_invoke_process('@self', 'pm:enable', [$modules_str], []);
  }
}