Ben Carter
A neuroscientist trying to figure out how the brain does it all. I use MRI and data science methods to study neurophysiology and structure. Currently leading a team of undergraduates in a novel study.
Week 3 TA Review
Agenda
- Week 4 preview: Cerebral White Matter and the Cerebral Cortex
- Week 3 review: Forebrain Topography and Functional Levels and the Basal Ganglia
- Q&A
Week 4 Preview
3D model walk through
Which structures do you struggle to identify?
| Functional Area |
Function |
What occurs when it’s damaged? |
|---|---|---|
|
Primary Motor Cortex |
Discrete contralateral movements |
Paralysis or paresis |
|
Premotor Cortex |
Planning of complex movements |
Motor apraxia |
|
Prefrontal Cortex – Dorsolateral Region |
Concentration, planning, judgment, problem solving |
Loss of concentration, initiative, responsibility, judgment and foresight |
|
Prefrontal Cortex – Orbitofrontal Region |
Social behavior and emotion |
Abnormal social behavior, unstable emotions |
|
Broca’s Area |
Speech production |
Expressive aphasia (nonfluent aphasia) |
|
Primary Somatosensory Cortex |
Contralateral sensation (touch and proprioception) |
Anesthesia (loss of general sensation) |
|
Parietal Association Cortex |
Somatic and Visual Processing |
Astereognosis, asomatognosia, neglect syndrome |
|
Primary Visual Cortex |
Vision |
Contralateral homonymous hemianopsia |
|
Visual Association Cortex |
Complex visual perception, understanding what is seen |
Visual agnosia |
|
Primary Auditory Cortex |
Hearing |
Inability to localize sound |
|
Wernicke’s Area |
Understanding speech |
Receptive aphasia (fluent aphasia) |
|
Temporal Association Cortex |
Long-term memory, Recognition of objects and faces |
Anomia, prosopagnosia |
Can you fill in the blank?
Label the structure
Label the structure
Label the structure
Label the structure
Label the structure
Label the structure
Label the structure
Label the structure
Label the structure
Week 3 Review
Warm-up Exercises
Atlas Cruise
In Brain Atlas, select the coronal view. Starting in the frontal lobes and progressing posteriorly, find the first slice to capture:
- Putamen
- Caudate
- Globus Pallidus (medial or lateral?)
- Hypothalamus (which region are you looking at?)
- Subthalamus (where is the nucleus?)
- Thalamus
- Substantia nigra
- Internal capsule (anterior and posterior limb)
- External capsule
- Claustrum
- Extreme capsule
Can you do it in a sagittal orientation? What about axial?
Fact Quiz
Instructions:
The following questions are multiple choice. The answer options will be hidden at first. Try to answer the question without seeing the options first.
- Bradykinesia, Parkinson's Disease
- Dyskinesia, Huntington's Disease
- Akinesia, Parkinson's Disease
- Chorea, Huntington's Disease
_________, a term describing slow movement, is a common symptom of _________.
- Bradykinesia, Parkinson's Disease
- Dyskinesia, Huntington's Disease
- Akinesia, Parkinson's Disease
- Chorea, Huntington's Disease
_________, a term describing rapid and jerking movements in the distal limbs, is a common symptom of _________.
- putamen
- globus pallidus
- subthalamic nucleus
- caudate nucleus
The _________ is responsible for inhibiting excitatory neurons in the thalamus, preventing unwanted movement.
- Chorea
- Athetosis
- Ballismus
- Tics
Which of the following terms describes limb movements due to contraction of proximal muscles?
| Symptom | Parkinson's | Huntington's |
|---|---|---|
| Chorea | ||
| Ballismus | ||
| Dyskinesia | ||
| Rigidity | ||
| Athetosis | ||
| Bradykinesia | ||
| Akinesia | ||
| Tremors | ||
| Tics |
Match the symptom with the disease.
Specimen/Image Quiz
Label this structure
Label the structure
Label the structure
Label the region
Label the structure
Label the structure
Label the structure
Q&A
Week 3 Review
By Ben Carter
Week 3 Review
Review of Forebrain Topography and Functional Levels and the Basal Ganglia a Preview of Cerebral White Matter and the Cerebral Cortex for Neuro 360
