Les métiers du futur dans le numérique

2 février 2022

whoami

Gabriel Chênevert

Département Computer Science & Mathematics

Théorie de l'information :

• compression
• correction d'erreur
• cryptographie

https://junia.ovh/gch

@gchenevert

https://www.comptia.org/content/research/it-industry-outlook-2020

Les métiers du numérique aujourd'hui

Smart everything

• Smart phones
• Smart watches
• Smart homes
• Smart buildings
• Smart cars
• Smart cities
• Smart grids
• ...

essentially means: everything is now a computer

A "smart system" is usually composed of:

• Sensors that record and generate data
• A database of said data
• A processing unit
• Actuators that interact with the environment

From quantitative to qualitative

BIG DATA

Every digital interaction generates information, often in the shape of metadata

Storage being cheap, this data is often stored for future data analysis / mining

• consumer profiles
• epidemiologic data
• meteorological stations
• power consumption
• ...

Example: internet trackers

Google Flu trends: monitoring flu from search queries

Cloud computing

Computing-as-a-Service: tasks are performed on remote server

Allows businesses to externalize and optimize their computing resources

Artificial intelligence

France IA report

Reproducing high-level human-like cognitive activities:

• recognition
• assessment
• prediction
• decision

In recent years: increase in computing power led to impressive achievements in machine learning using so-called deep neural networks

Idea: instead of implementing deductive rules (like an adult would learn a language), let the AI make up its own inductively (like a child would do)

Works quite well! And the funny thing is we don't really understand why

See: Stéphane Mallat, data scientist @ Collège de France

Object classification in real-time

Classification through training

Through training, the networks learns how to recognize

different categories.

Once it has this understanding, it can be used "in reverse" for generation.

More here