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Mastering Data Transformation with Angular Pipes
Mastering Interfaces and Classes: Encapsulation Made Simple
Learning Outcome
5
Implement Getters and Setters (Accessors)
4
Learn the concept of Encapsulation
3
Understand classes and objects
2
Learn syntax and usage of interfaces
1
Understand Interfaces and Classes in TypeScript
Analogy
Imagine a car manufacturing company where engineers create a design blueprint.
This blueprint is like an Interface.
The blueprint defines:
- Number of wheels
- Engine type
- Car color
Analogy
When the car is actually built using the blueprint, it becomes a Class Object.
Similarly in TypeScript:
Interface → Defines structure
Class → Implements the structure
Object → Actual instance created from class
Why Interfaces and Classes Are Important
This leads to clean and maintainable applications.
In real-world applications:
Applications have multiple objects and complex structures
Data must be organized and protected
What is an Interface?
But it does not contain implementation logic.
An Interface defines the structure of an object.
interface Student {
name: string;
age: number;
}This interface defines what a Student object should look like.
It specifies:
-
Properties
-
Methods
Interface Usage
Objects can implement interfaces.
interface Student {
name: string;
age: number;
}
let student1: Student = {
name: "Rahul",
age: 22
};Benefits:
Ensures consistent object structure
Improves code readability
Helps with type safety
What is a Class & Object?
A Class is a blueprint used to create objects.
It contains:
-
Properties
-
Methods
-
Constructors
class Student {
name: string;
age: number;
constructor(name: string, age: number) {
this.name = name;
this.age = age;
}
}Classes help organize code into logical units.
Objects
Here:
- Student → Class
- s1 → Object
let s1 = new Student("Rahul", 22);An object is an instance of a class.
Understanding Encapsulation
Encapsulation means protecting data inside a class and controlling access to it.
Instead of directly accessing a variable, we use methods or accessors.
Benefits:
- Prevents direct modification of data
- Improves security
- Maintains data integrity
Access Modifiers (Basic Idea)
Here balance cannot be accessed outside the class.
class BankAccount {
private balance: number = 1000;
}TypeScript provides access modifiers like:
Getters (Accessor)
A Getter is used to read private data safely.
class BankAccount {
private balance: number = 1000;
getBalance() {
return this.balance;
}
}let account = new BankAccount();
console.log(account.getBalance());Usage:
Getter allows controlled access to private data.
Setters (Accessor)
A Setter is used to update data safely.
class BankAccount {
private balance: number = 1000;
setBalance(amount: number) {
this.balance = amount;
}
}Setters allow controlled modification of data.
Usage:
account.setBalance(2000);Summary
5
Getters and setters provide safe access to private variables
4
Encapsulation protects internal class data
3
Objects are instances of classes
2
Classes provide implementation and behavior
1
Interfaces define structure of objects
Quiz
Getters and Setters are used for:
A. Routing
B. API calls
C. Controlled access to data
D. UI rendering
Quiz-answer
Getters and Setters are used for:
A. Routing
B. API calls
C. Controlled access to data
D. UI rendering
Angular pipes - Mastering Interfaces and Classes: Encapsulation Made Simple
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