The art of rhetoric

 

 

Bessemerbiblioteket

RHETORIC

 

an art that claims to influence the capability

of a speaker or author to:

 

Inform

Persuade

Motivate

CICERO

106 - 43 B.C.

Delectáre - Please you audience

Docére - Teach your audience

Movére - Move your audience

irony1

ˈʌɪrəni/

noun

noun: irony

1. the expression of one's meaning by
   using language that normally signifies the opposite, typically for humorous or emphatic effect.

Irony

metaphor

ˈmɛtəfə,-fɔː/

noun

noun: metaphor; plural noun: metaphors

1. a figure of speech in which a word or phrase is applied to an object or action to which it is not literally applicable

simile

ˈsɪmɪli/

noun

noun: simile; plural noun: similes

1. a figure of speech involving the comparison of one thing with another thing of a different kind, used to make a description more emphatic or vivid (e.g. as brave as a lion ).

Alliteration

 

is a term that describes a literary stylistic device. Alliteration occurs when a series of words in a row (or close to a row) have the same first consonant sound. For example, “She sells sea-shells down by the sea-shore” or “Peter Piper Picked a Peck of Pickled Peppers” are both alliterative phrases

A rhetorical question

 

is a question that you ask without expecting an answer. The question might be one that does not have an answer. It might also be one that has an obvious answer but you have asked the question to make a point, to persuade or for literary effect.

How to give a speech

• Preparation
• Nerves
• How to begin
• Three things
• How to finish

Okay, so you are going to talk in public...

Get prepared!

 

Inform yourself

 

Whoops, something went wrong!

 

Nerves

Natural stressor - Fight or flight!

Natural and GOOD!

 

We perform best when we are reasonably nervous.

 

Learn how your stress manifests itself!

How to deal with nerves

Pratice makes perfect

 

Focus by holding something in your hand

 

Find your "friends" in the audience

 

Elocution

Posture and physicality

 

Breathe with your stomach

 

Articulate

 

Don't fear the silences

Notes or not?

If you can do your speech without looking at your notes you seem confident and credible

Do prepare notes with key phrases and facts

If you lose your train of thought check your notes and find your place. The audience don't find pauses to be uncomfortable.

How to be a kickass audience

Be attentive

 

Display open body language

 

Make eye contact with the speaker

 

Nod to show that you are awake

 

Be quiet

How to begin

The beginning of your presentation sets the tone...

Welcome your audience

Remember to  introduce yourself and your topic

Hint: Memorize the first three sentences of your presentation!

Tell the audience if you welcome questions or if you will give them time for questions at the end.

Beginning phrases

Welcome, today I will be speaking about...

To begin with I will talk about...

This presentation concerns...

I will describe how....

I will compare...

Three things!

To not belabour a Point or exhaust your audience, find three things

that pinpoint your topic.

For instance:

The three strongest arguments

Using Logos, Ethos, Pathos arguments

Three scenarios

Three key facts

All's well that ends well!

The audience will remember how you started your presentation and how you ended it

 

A nice way to finish is to somehow tie together your beginning and your end.

For instance by answering your initial rhetorical question.

Remember to thank your audience!

Words to end with

In conclusion

Finally

And with these words I want to thank you for listening.

Lastly

To sum up

Now, I will take any questions

you might have...

Thank you for listening,

you have been a wonderful audience!