"All rights reserved"

Existing copyright regulation is not always adapted to the reality of research practice in 2015

• multiple authors in different countries
• multiple jurisdictions
• data mining
• crowd sourced science
• various Open Access policies
• Wikipedia ...
• social media
• translations
• civil society
• ...

"Open Means Never Having to Say You're Sorry" by Alan Levine on Flickr CC BY-SA

"Some rights reserved"

Creative Commons licenses are free, easy-to-use copyright licenses providing a simple, standardized way to give the public permission to share and use your creative work — on conditions of your choice. CC licenses let you easily change your copyright terms from the default of “all rights reserved” to “some rights reserved.”

In a world with fair copyright laws, Creative Commons would be superfluous

CC is ...

• 6 licenses + 2 public domain tools
• a simplification of copyright rules
• an organisation based on volunteer work by advocates and 'open' activists
• aiming to grow 'the commons'
• a patch for broken copyright
• in favour of copyright reform

CC is not ...

• an alternative for copyright
• a rightsholder organisation
• a search engine
• a law firm
• a bunch of crazy open access fundamentalists :)

4 building blocks

BY

• You are free to:

  • Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format

  • Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material

  • for any purpose, even commercially

• Under the following terms:

  • Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made

  • You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.

SA (ShareAlike)

• Same conditions as CC BY, plus:

  • ShareAlike — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your contributions under the same license as the original.

NC (Non Commercial)

•  Same conditions as CC BY, plus:
  • NonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes

ND

(No Derivatives)

•  Same conditions as CC BY, plus:
  • NoDerivatives — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.

Six Combinations

https://stateof.creativecommons.org/report/

"I am so confused" by Ian Sane on Flickr CC BY 2.0

License chooser

Image by Aston University - licensed under a CC BY 4.0 license

How does it work?

Three layers:

• Machine Readable
• Human Readable
• Legal Code

Legal Code

• juridical basis
• "version 4.0"
• created by CC Legal Team + input from communities worldwide
• available in your language
• universally applicable

Human Readable

• summary or 'deed'
• this is what you link to
• available in your language

Machine Readable

• make it easy for "the Web" to know when a work is available under a Creative Commons license

Adding a CC license to your work

Don't forget:

CC licenses are operative only when applied to material in which a copyright exists, and even then only when a particular use would otherwise not be permitted by copyright.

Bear in mind when licensing your work:

• Remember the license may not be revoked.
• Make sure the material is appropriate for CC licensing.
• Make sure the material is subject to copyright or similar rights
• Think about how you want the material to be used.
• Specify additional permissions,
• Specify attribution information

https://wiki.creativecommons.org/Considerations_for_licensors_and_licensees

Research does not happen in an ivory tower...

Screenshot from the game "Monument Valley" by USTWO. (c)USTWO, all rights reserved

Research does no longer only happen behind your university walls

All icons found on The Noun Project

And Civil Society has an

interest as well!

All icons found on The Noun Project

http://www.theguardian.com/science/2015/may/27/prehistoric-skull-puncture-wounds-murder-spain-neanderthal

http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0126589

http://cds.cern.ch/record/1630222

http://www.textcreationpartnership.org/

http://openhealthdata.metajnl.com/articles/10.5334/jophd.af/

http://openarchaeologydata.metajnl.com/articles/10.5334/joad.af/

If you make it clear from the start what can be done with your work ...

• access
• attribution
• re-use
• modification
• commercial use
• ...

A Creative Commons license (or public domain tool)  is universally recognisable, juridically sound, easily applicable and leaves the user in no doubt about the intentions of the author.

"Licenses remove uncertainty by spelling out what may or may not be done with the licensed work. Science is both interdisciplinary and international, crossing disciplinary and jurisdictional boundaries, and since science builds upon existing work, it depends on being able to reuse content"

 Puneet Kishor, former Project Coordinator for Science and Data at CC, as quoted in an interview with PLoS

Finding CC licensed content

https://doaj.org/search

https://stateof.creativecommons.org/report/

Citing CC licensed content

a little common sense goes a long way!

• attribution (BY) is obligatory: name of the author and name of the work (if available)
• link to the original source
• mention if the work has been adapted
• state the license under which the material is available, and link to it
• when in doubt: contact the author

http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0126589

And make it easy for others to cite you ...

Incorrect citation

Photinus pyralis, a species of firefly found in the eastern United States (via wikimedia commons)

http://blogs.scientificamerican.com/compound-eye/an-example-of-why-i-dont-use-creative-commons-licenses/

De soek of overdekte markt in Sanaa / Foto: Rod Waddington/Flickr Creative Commons

(bron: De Morgen)

source https://www.pinterest.com/innatelykait/bayeux-tapestry/

It's simply sound scientific practice!

(btw, it's rather difficult to find the original creator of this meme. If it's you, please contact me so that I can correctly attribute you)

Some good examples

Cooper-Hewitt's Collection Database, licensed under CC0 on Github

"In order to reduce any uncertainty about the 'legitimate uses' of this dataset, Cooper-Hewitt has licensed this release under a Creative Commons Zero (CC0) license. This license is the most permissive available and allows for all types of reuse"

Sharez ur workz pwease?