How Do You Know About Networking?
Lecturer: Иo1lz
About Me
I have a lot of names so whatever you call, since I know that you are calling me then I will give you a response.
As my depiction to myself, I'm just a lazy and normal person, nothing special, nothing amazing, just interesting in a little much area.
If you want to know me more, you can check my own blog
Outline
- What is Internet?
- The Structure You Never Care
- Communicate with Protocol
What is Internet?
How to describe Internet?
Nuts-and-Bolts
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Applications-internet.svg/1024px-Applications-internet.svg.png)
Services
- In Internet jargon, all of devices are called hosts or end system
- Based on hardware and software
- "an infrastructure that provides services to applications"
Nuts-and-Bolts
- End systems are connected together by a network of communication links and packet switches.
- End systems access the Internet through Internet Service Providers (ISPs).
- End systems run protocols that control
the sending and receiving of information.
![](https://www.spring-gds.com/zh/Images/spring-packet_tcm68-94239.png)
PACKET?
![](https://www.pinclipart.com/picdir/big/20-208642_parcel-clipart-volunteer-cardboard-boxes-clip-art-png.png)
![](https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Jean_Yves_Le_Boudec/publication/2744703/figure/fig2/AS:411226132762634@1475055358924/IP-datagram-format.png)
Services
- The applications are said to be distributed applications, since they involve multiple end systems that exchange data with each other.
![](https://www.rahisystems.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/network-service.jpg)
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/media-p.slid.es/uploads/922310/images/6973459/device.png)
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/media-p.slid.es/uploads/922310/images/6973459/device.png)
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![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/media-p.slid.es/uploads/922310/images/6973459/device.png)
LAN
Local Area Network
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/media-p.slid.es/uploads/922310/images/6973459/device.png)
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/media-p.slid.es/uploads/922310/images/6973459/device.png)
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/media-p.slid.es/uploads/922310/images/6973459/device.png)
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![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/media-p.slid.es/uploads/922310/images/6973459/device.png)
WAN
Wide Area Network
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/media-p.slid.es/uploads/922310/images/6973459/device.png)
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/media-p.slid.es/uploads/922310/images/6973459/device.png)
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/media-p.slid.es/uploads/922310/images/6973459/device.png)
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![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/media-p.slid.es/uploads/922310/images/6973459/device.png)
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/media-p.slid.es/uploads/922310/images/6973459/device.png)
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The Structure You Never Care
![](https://cdn.educba.com/academy/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/OSI-Model.png)
OSI Model
Application | High-level APIs |
---|---|
Presentation | Translation of data between a networking service and application |
Session | Managing communication sessions |
Transport | Reliable transmission of data segments between points on a network |
Network | Structuring and managing a multi-node network |
Data Link | Reliable transmission of data frames between 2 nodes connected |
Physical | Transmission and reception of raw bit streams |
![](https://mhshohag.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/Screen-Shot-2017-06-08-at-1.59.05-PM.png)
TCP/IP Model
Application | The applications make use of the services provided by the underlying lower |
---|---|
Transport | Performs host-to-host communications on the networks separated by routers |
Internet | Exchanges datagrams across network boundaries |
Link | Defines the networking methods within the scope of the local network link on which hosts communcate without intervening routers. |
Relationship Between Hosts
Client/Server
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/media-p.slid.es/uploads/922310/images/6973459/device.png)
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/media-p.slid.es/uploads/922310/images/6973459/device.png)
Server
Client
Request
Response
Peer-to-Peer
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/media-p.slid.es/uploads/922310/images/6973459/device.png)
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/media-p.slid.es/uploads/922310/images/6973459/device.png)
Host
Host
Request / Response
Communicate with Protocol
Protocol
A system of rules that allows two or more entities of a communications system to transmit information via any kind of variation of a physical quantity.
![](https://www.researchgate.net/publication/327483011/figure/fig2/AS:668030367436802@1536282259885/The-logical-mapping-between-OSI-basic-reference-model-and-the-TCP-IP-stack.jpg)
IP
The principle communication protocol in the Internet.
the task
Deliver the packets from the source host to the destination host
based on
IP Address
(in packet's header)
2 versions of IP address: IPv4, IPv6
IPv4
IPv6
XXX . XXX . XXX . XXX
XXXX : XXXX : XXXX : XXXX : XXXX : XXXX : XXXX : XXXX
IPv4
![](https://news.xfastest.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/IPV4.jpg)
Public IP Address
A | 0~127 | for research agency or large business |
---|---|---|
B | 128~191 | for medium business or educational agency |
C | 192~223 | for small business or ISPs |
Private IP Address
10.0.0.0/8 | 10.0.0.0 – 10.255.255.255 | |
---|---|---|
172.16.0.0/12 | 172.16.0.0 – 172.31.255.255 | |
192.168.0.0/16 | 192.168.0.0 – 192.168.255.255 | |
127.0.0.1 | 127.0.0.1 | localhost |
Static IP Address
Dynamic IP Address
- Staying the same, which means the IP address would never change.
- Constantly change which get the IP address through DHCP.
![](https://techviral.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/What-is-the-Difference-Between-Static-and-Dynamic-IP-Address.jpg)
Port | Protocol | Description |
---|---|---|
80 | HTTP | Used in World Wide Web(www) |
443 | HTTPS | HTTP Over TLS / SSL |
20 | FTP | Data Transfer |
21 | FTP | Command Control |
22 | SSH | Secure Login |
25 | SMTP | Email Routing |
TCP / UDP
- In the Transfer Layer which provide host-to-host communication services for applications.
- TCP (Transmission Control Protocol)
- UDP(User Datagram Protocol)
TCP | UDP |
---|---|
Connection-oriented | Connectless |
Less data in single packet | More data in single packet |
More header information | Less header information |
References
- OSI Model - Wikipedia
- Internet Protocol Suite - Wikipedia
- "Computer Networking: A Top-Down Approach, 7th", Kurose Ross
- Introduction to Internet
Thanks for Listening
How Do You Know About Networking?
By Иo1lz
How Do You Know About Networking?
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