Relationship of languages
1. What is "borrowing"?
Give an example of borrowed word in English
a) from Spanish
b) from Japanese
c) from French
2. What is "borrowed" more often - grammatical features or basic vocabulary. Explain
Relationship of languages
2. What is dialectal differentiation?
English and German
man : Mann
good - better : gut - besser
sing - sang - sung : singen - sang -gesungen
How can you explain these similarities (borrowing, etc?)
Language Variation
What is the difference between language variation and language change?
Give an example
True/false
1. Because of arbitrariness of of the sound+meaning, the specific sound / meaning are NOT open to variation
2. Sound/meaning can have social marking
3. Not in every language sound/meaning connection is arbitrary
1. Define the terms:
a) idiolect
b) dialect
c) sociolect
d) style
Innovation
How can innovation spread across speakers?
