Understanding
Fake News
Pawel Ngei alxd.org
Pawel Ngei
Advanced Social Media Verificaton
https://youtu.be/bCXJA1MighQ
slides.com/pawelngei/
fake-news-2020
reporterslab.org
getbadnews.com
What are fake news?
Source: Cambridge Dictionary
false stories that appear to be news, spread on the internet or using other media, usually created to influence political views or as a joke
Are they a threat?
Source: TheOutline
Source: BBC
Source: CNN
A fake news was 70% more likely to be retweeted than a real news on Twitter
Source: news.mit.edu
Source: BuzzFeedNews
2016 US Elections
20 most popular fake news were more popular than 20 real news on Facebook
Source: News18
Why?
Ads
Political Gain
Scams
Fame
Trolling
not only today
Source: Frederick Burr Opper
every political option is suspectible
Source: Frederick Burr Opper
Social mechanisms of fake news
Filter bubble
Source: elipariser
Echo chamber
Source: CC-BY-SA tara hunt / Hugh Macleod
Confirmation bias
Source: Annika Brandow
Sunk Cost Fallacy
Source: Annika Brandow
Authority Bias
Source: freepik
(the "celebrity expert" problem)
Association Fallacy
Source: TVTropes
Common categories of fake news
Clickbait
Source: v4Company
Trolls
Source: Carlos Ramirez
Fake stories
Source: NYTimes Fake News Article
Fake quotes
Source: Gizmodo
Fake contexts
Source: Washington Post
Source: NapalonyWikary @ Twitter
Celebrity deaths
Source: DailyMail
Deepfakes
Source: Gizmodo
FactCheckers
Source: Demagog
Fake Twitter Fact-Checking
Social media
Z Yeah so if you ever need info about anyone at Harvard
Z Just ask.
Z I have over 4,000 emails, pictures, addresses, Social Network Services
What? How'd you manage that one? F
Z People just submitted it.
Z I don't know why.
Z They "trust me"
Z Dumb fucks.
Source: http://www.businessinsider.com/well-these-new-zuckerberg-ims-wont-help-facebooks-privacy-problems-2010-5
Mark Zuckerberg
Photo CC-BY-SA 3.0 Guillaume Paumier
if you don't pay for a service,
you are its product, not a client
alxd
after blue_beetle
Source: Sheri Byrne-Haber
Outrage Porn
Source: Rolf Dietrich Brecher
attention as commodity
Source: Quswar Abid
content farms
Source: 5 Minute Crafts
Photo CC-BY bookcatalog
microtargeting
retweet button
Source: BuzzFeedNews
political ad ban
Source: Twitter
troll farms
Source: OCCRP
other social media
mastodon
Source: What is Mastodon?
hypothes.is
Source: hypothes.is
pol.is
Source: pol.is blog
Gab & Parler
the threat of echo chambers
How not to fall for a fake news?
Lateral reading
Read AROUND
not just DOWN
the page
Is it a clickbait?
1
Is the web page legit?
2
mbanḳ
and other homoglyphs
0 ≠ O
w ≠ vv
a ≠ ａ
d ≠ ｄ
Wayback Machine
Source: Lifewire
Check author & date
3
Check the sources
4
"full phrase"
+"must include"
-"cannot include"
inurl:samplesite.com
*wildcards
Check the quotes
5
Check the comments
6
Reverse image search
7
Is it not a troll?
8
Am I biased?
9
Other sources
& fact-checkers
10
reporterslab.org
1. Clickbait
2. Outlet
3. Author & Date
4. Sources
5. Quotes
6. Comments
7. Reverse image search
8. Trolling
9. My biases
10. Other sources & fact-checkers
Advanced Social Media Verificaton
https://youtu.be/bCXJA1MighQ
slides.com/pawelngei/
fake-news-2020
reporterslab.org
getbadnews.com
Understanding Fake News 2021
By Pawel Ngei
