Why Docker?

MAMP

Ready to use in few minutes
What if I don't need MySQL?
Lightweight?
What about reproducing the production environment?

Brew

You can configure any service at will
What about a specific version of a specific service?
What about reproducing the production environment?
What if I update OSX?

brew update && brew upgrade...

% /usr/local/bin/gpg1
dyld: Library not loaded: /usr/local/opt/libusb-compat/lib/libusb-0.1.4.dylib
  Referenced from: /usr/local/bin/gpg1
  Reason: image not found
[1]    41295 trace trap  /usr/local/bin/gpg1

error: unable to unlink old '.gitignore' (Permission denied)
error: unable to create file .travis.yml (Permission denied)
error: unable to create file .yardopts (Permission denied)
error: unable to unlink old 'CODEOFCONDUCT.md' (Permission denied) ...

npm ERR! Darwin 13.3.0
npm ERR! argv "node" "/Users/user/.node/bin/npm" "update" "-g"
npm ERR! node v0.10.32
npm ERR! npm  v2.0.0
npm ERR! code EPEERINVALID

npm ERR! peerinvalid The package npmconf does not satisfy its siblings' peerDependencies requirements!
npm ERR! peerinvalid Peer npm-registry-client@3.2.2 wants npmconf@^2.1.0

Vagrant

100% configurable
It's possible to reproduce the production environment
Is it fast?
Time needed to setup everything?

Docker

Containers and images
Shared Kernel
No hypervisor (no overhead)
Better performances
Using only resources you really need

Docker

Dockerfile

Configuration file
Contains instructions to:
- Install and configure services
- Expose ports
Easy to learn
Maintainable
Extendible
Good also for those who are pretencious

FROM ubuntu:16.04

MAINTAINER Oscar Fanelli <oscar.fanelli@gmail.com>

ENV PROJECT_PATH=/var/www \
    DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive

# Utilities, Apache, PHP, and supplementary programs
RUN apt-get update -q && apt-get upgrade && apt-get install -yqq --force-yes \
    npm \
    git \
    wget \
    apache2 \
    libapache2-mod-php \
    php \
    php-curl \
    php-mysql \
    php-redis \
    php-xml

# Apache mods
RUN a2enmod rewrite expires headers

# PHP.ini file: enable <? ?> tags and quiet logging
RUN sed -i "s/short_open_tag = .*/short_open_tag = On/" $PHP_INI && \
    sed -i "s/memory_limit = .*/memory_limit = 256M/" $PHP_INI

# VirtualHost
COPY config/docker/apache-virtualhost.conf /etc/apache2/sites-available/000-default.conf

# Port to expose
EXPOSE 80

# Copy site into place
COPY . $PROJECT_PATH
WORKDIR $PROJECT_PATH

# Start apache
CMD /usr/sbin/apache2ctl -D FOREGROUND

Docker Compose

Containers configuration
Manages environment variables
Mounts volumes
Ports
...

version: '2'

services:

  db:
    image: mysql:5.7.17
    volumes:
      - "./.data/db:/var/lib/mysql"
    environment:
      MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: secret
    expose:
      - "3306"

  redis:
    image: redis

  phpmyadmin:
    image: phpmyadmin/phpmyadmin
    depends_on:
      - db

  web:
    build:
      context: .
      dockerfile: Dockerfile
    volumes:
      - ".:/var/www/"
    depends_on:
      - db
      - redis
    env_file: .env

working in a big company?

docker-compose up -d

USE CASE

Upgrade from PHP 5.6 to 7.0

Docker in local

Docker in production

# docker-compose.override.yml
version: '3'

services:
  nginx-proxy:
    image: jwilder/nginx-proxy
    ports:
      - 80:80
      - 443:443
    volumes:
      - /var/run/docker.sock:/tmp/docker.sock:ro
      - ./config/docker/nginx-proxy/certs:/etc/nginx/certs:ro

  mysql:
    environment:
      MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: secret

  web:
    build:
      context: .
      dockerfile: ./config/docker/web/dev/Dockerfile
    volumes:
      - .:/usr/share/nginx:cached
      - ./config/docker/web/dev/php.conf:/usr/local/etc/php-fpm.d/zz-log.conf:ro
    env_file: .env

  nginx:
    image: nginx:1.13
    volumes:
      - ./config/docker/nginx/nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf:ro
      - ./public:/usr/share/nginx/public:ro
    environment:
      - VIRTUAL_HOST=*.spotistats.dev

Needs