WordCamp Ottawa 2019

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MODERNIZE & STANDARDIZE

YOUR PHP DEVELOPMENT FOR WORDPRESS

WordCamp Ottawa 2019

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VERSION CONTROL

WordCamp Ottawa 2019

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VERSION CONTROL

WHAT IS IT?

Keeps track of source code changes over time in software projects

WordCamp Ottawa 2019

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VERSION CONTROL

MAIN SYSTEMS

Subversion (SVN): used by WordPress

 

Git: used by thousands of plugins & themesdevelopers

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VERSION CONTROL

ADVANTAGES

History of all changes in the source code

 

Easier teamwork: branches and merge system

 

Traceability for project management

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VERSION CONTROL

PLATFORMS

GitHub - GitLab - BitBucket

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VERSION CONTROL

PRIVATE OR PUBLIC REPOSITORY?

Except if you have a good reason, always public!

WordCamp Ottawa 2019

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PHP & WORDPRESS

MINIMUM VERSION

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PHP MINIMUM VERSION

Current minimum version of PHP for WordPress

5.6

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PHP MINIMUM VERSION

Minimum version of PHP for your project

YOU DECIDE

(recommend at least PHP 7.2)

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WORDPRESS MINIMUM VERSION

WordPress still maintains versions down to

3.7

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WORDPRESS MINIMUM VERSION

Version of WordPress you need to be compatible with

YOU DECIDE

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MODERN PHP 

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MODERN PHP 

NAMESPACES

Organization of code in a virtual hierarchy to prevent name conflicts

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MODERN PHP

NAMESPACES

namespace WP_Rocket;

class Plugin {
    public function init() {}
}

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MODERN PHP

NAMESPACES

namespace Imagify;

class Plugin {
    public function init() {}
}

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MODERN PHP

NAMESPACES

namespace WP_Rocket\Admin\Settings;

class Page {
    public function configure() {}
}

Filepath: wp-rocket/inc/classes/Admin/Settings/Page.php

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MODERN PHP

TRAITS

Mechanism for code reuse to reduce some limitations in single inheritance

 

Enable to share sets of methods in independent classes

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MODERN PHP

TRAITS

trait Path_Rewriter {
    public function rewrite_paths( $file, $content ) {
	return \Minify_CSS_UriRewriter::rewrite(
            dirname( $file ),
            $content
        );
    }
}

WordCamp Ottawa 2019

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MODERN PHP

TRAITS

class Minify {
    use Path_Rewriter;

    public function minify( $file ) {
        // code before
	$file_content = $this->rewrite_paths( $file, $file_content );
        // code after
    }
}

WordCamp Ottawa 2019

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MODERN PHP

TRAITS

class Remove_Query_String {
    use Path_Rewriter;

    public function replace_url( $url ) {
        // code before
	$content = $this->rewrite_paths( $file, $content );
        // code after
    }
}

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MODERN PHP

ANONYMOUS FUNCTIONS

Create functions without giving them a name

 

Enable to simplify code for one-time use functions and loops

 

Especially useful for functions with a callback parameter like array_map()

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MODERN PHP

BEFORE

foreach ( $matches as $i => $match ) {
    // one-time use function
    if ( ! rocket_is_match( $match ) ) {
        unset( $matches[ $i ];
    }
}

WordCamp Ottawa 2019

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MODERN PHP

AFTER

$matches = array_map(
    function( $match ) {
        if ( false === \strpos( $match[1], 'GoogleAnalyticsObject' ) ) {
           return;
        }

        return $match;
    },
    $matches
);

WordCamp Ottawa 2019

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MODERN PHP

AVOID

// anonymous function on a WordPress hook.
// Can't be removed (or really hard)
add_filter( 'the_content', function( $content ) {
    return 'hello world';
}

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PHP STANDARDS RECOMMENDATIONS

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PHP STANDARDS RECOMMENDATIONS

Group of rules established by PHP-FIG (Framework Interoperability Group)

 

The goal is to establish commonalities between projects

https://www.php-fig.org

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PHP STANDARDS RECOMMENDATIONS

These established recommendations allow to standardize and share between projects:

 

- How to write code

- How to load code

- How to interact with specific interfaces

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PHP STANDARDS RECOMMENDATIONS

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PHP STANDARDS RECOMMENDATIONS

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PHP STANDARDS RECOMMENDATIONS

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COMPOSER

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COMPOSER

DEPENDENCY MANAGER FOR PHP

https://getcomposer.org

https://packagist.org

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COMPOSER

ADVANTAGES

Simplify maintenance of dependencies in the source code: installation & update

 

Automatic inclusion of dependencies code in your project with the autoloader

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COMPOSER

COMPOSER.JSON

{
    "name": "wp-media/wp-rocket",
    "type": "wordpress-plugin",
    "require": {
	"php": ">=5.4.0",
	"a5hleyrich/wp-background-processing": "1.1 as 1.0",
	"composer/installers": "~1.0",
	"jamesryanbell/cloudflare": "^1.11",
	"matthiasmullie/minify": "1.3.*"
    },
    "require-dev": {
	"dealerdirect/phpcodesniffer-composer-installer": "^0.4.4",
	"phpcompatibility/phpcompatibility-wp": "*",
	"squizlabs/php_codesniffer": "^3.2",
	"wp-coding-standards/wpcs": "^1.0.0"
    }
}

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COMPOSER

COMMANDS

// Installs dependencies listed in composer.json
composer install

// Updates dependencies in composer.json
composer update

// Adds a dependency to the current set and installs it
composer require author/package

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PHP AUTOLOADING

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PHP AUTOLOADING

WHAT IS IT?

Automatic loading of PHP files/classes when you need it (if they are not yet)

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PHP AUTOLOADING

WITHOUT AUTOLOADING

require WP_ROCKET_FUNCTIONS_PATH . 'files.php';
require WP_ROCKET_FUNCTIONS_PATH . 'posts.php';
require WP_ROCKET_FUNCTIONS_PATH . 'admin.php';
require WP_ROCKET_FUNCTIONS_PATH . 'formatting.php';
require WP_ROCKET_FUNCTIONS_PATH . 'cdn.php';
require WP_ROCKET_FUNCTIONS_PATH . 'i18n.php';
require WP_ROCKET_FUNCTIONS_PATH . 'bots.php';

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PHP AUTOLOADING

WITH COMPOSER AUTOLOADER

require 'vendor/autoload.php';

$wp_rocket = new WP_Rocket\Plugin();
$wp_rocket->load();

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PHP AUTOLOADING

COMPOSER.JSON

In composer.json
...
"autoload": {
    "psr-4" : {"WP_Rocket\\" : "inc"}
}
...

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CODING STANDARDS

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CODING STANDARDS

GOAL

Any code in a project follow the same coding style independently of who wrote it

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CODING STANDARDS

ADVANTAGES

- Anyone can read and modify part of the code, no matter when or who wrote it

 

- Helps to eliminate common errors

 

- Improves code visibility

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CODING STANDARDS

VARIOUS STANDARDS

WordPress Coding Standards

https://make.wordpress.org/core/handbook/best-practices/coding-standards/php/

 

PSR-1 (basic coding standard) & PSR-2 (coding style guide)

WordCamp Ottawa 2019

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CODING STANDARDS

TOOLS

PHP CodeSniffer

https://github.com/squizlabs/PHP_CodeSniffer

 

WordPress Coding Standards

https://github.com/WordPress-Coding-Standards/WordPress-Coding-Standards

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CODING STANDARDS

EXAMPLE

FILE: /wp-rocket/inc/functions/formatting.php
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FOUND 2 ERRORS AFFECTING 2 LINES
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 191 | ERROR | [ ] Functions declared by a theme/plugin should start with the
 theme/plugin prefix. Found: "get_rocket_parse_url".
 322 | ERROR | [x] No space found after comma in function call
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

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PHP MESS DETECTOR

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PHP MESS DETECTOR

Tool to detect potential issues in the source code

https://phpmd.org

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PHP MESS DETECTOR

HELPS FOR

Potential bugs

 

Unused variables, parameters or methods

 

Too long or too complex code

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PHP MESS DETECTOR

EXAMPLE

/wp-rocket/inc/classes/class-rocket-background-database.php

- The method task() has 103 lines of code.
Current threshold is set to 100. Avoid really long methods.
- The method task uses an else expression.
Else is never necessary and you can simplify the code to work without else.
- Avoid unused parameters such as '$data

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AUTOMATIZATION

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AUTOMATIZATION

REDUCE TIME NEEDED TO EXECUTE REPETITIVE TASKS

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AUTOMATIZATION

DEPLOYMENT OF A NEW PLUGIN VERSION (BEFORE)

- Creation of a new release on GitHub

- Download zip file

- Extract zip file

- Rename folder

- composer install --no-dev for dependencies

- Recompress folder with the correct filename format

- Connection and upload to the FTP

- Update version in the website admin

WordCamp Ottawa 2019

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AUTOMATIZATION

DEPLOYMENT OF A NEW PLUGIN VERSION (AFTER WITH ANSIBLE)

- Creation of a new release on GitHub

- ansible-playbook deploy-plugin.yml -i servers

- Update version in the website admin

https://www.ansible.com

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(AUTOMATED)

TESTING

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(AUTOMATED) TESTING

UNIT TESTS

Test return of each unit (function or method) to ensure it is the expected result in complete isolation, without any external dependent on the overall state of the system.

https://phpunit.de/index.html

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(AUTOMATED) TESTING

INTEGRATION TESTS

Test the behaviour of the code when integrated in the system: here, WordPress

https://make.wordpress.org/core/handbook/testing/automated-testing/writing-phpunit-tests/

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(AUTOMATED) TESTING

AUTOMATIZATION

Execute tests in a continuous integration system like

 

Travis-CI / CircleCI / Etc

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Resources

Books

- Modern PHP - O'Reilly

- PHP Objects, Patterns and Practice - Apress

 

People to follow

​- Carl Alexander https://carlalexander.ca

- Alain Schlesser https://www.alainschlesser.com/

- Josh Pollock https://joshpress.net - https://torquemag.io/author/joshp/

- Tonya Mork https://knowthecode.io - https://hellofromtonya.com

WordCamp Ottawa 2019

@remyperona

QUESTIONS?

Remy Perona

Lead developer of WP Rocket at WP Media

Modernize your development

By Remy Perona

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Modernize your development

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