Advances in reproducible simulation of parcel deliveries based on open data

Sebastian Hörl

7 March 2022

Séminaire SPLOTT

Classic transport planning

  • Zones
  • Flows
  • Peak hours
  • User groups

Aggregated

Agent-based models

0:00 - 8:00

08:30 - 17:00

17:30 - 0:00

0:00 - 9:00

10:00 - 17:30

17:45 - 21:00

22:00 - 0:00

  • Discrete locations
  • Individual travelers
  • Individual behaviour
  • Whole day analysis

Disaggregated

Icons on this and following slides: https://fontawesome.com

MATSim

  • Flexible, extensible and well-tested open-source transport simulation framework
     
  • Used by many research groups and companies all over the world
     
  • Extensions for parking behaviour, signal control, location choice, freight, ...

matsim-org/matsim-libs

MATSim

Synthetic demand

MATSim

Mobility simulation

Synthetic demand

MATSim

Decision-making

10:00 - 17:30

17:45 - 21:00

22:00 - 0:00

Mobility simulation

Synthetic demand

MATSim

Decision-making

Mobility simulation

Synthetic demand

MATSim

Decision-making

Mobility simulation

Analysis

Synthetic demand

MATSim @ IRT SystemX

  • On-demand mobility simulation

     

 

 

 

  • First/last mile mobility simulation

Passenger transport

MATSim @ IRT SystemX

  • On-demand mobility simulation

     

 

 

 

  • First/last mile mobility simulation

Passenger transport

Freight transport

  • First/last mile delivery









     
  • VRP Solvers
    • Development of electric VRP for JSprit

LEAD Project

Low-emission Adaptive last-mile logistics supporting on-demand economy through Digital Twins

  • H2020 Project from 2020 to 2023
     
  • Six living labs with different innovative logistics concepts
    • Lyon, The Hague, Madrid, Budapest, Porto, Oslo
    • One partner for implementation and one for research each
       
  • Development of a generic modeling library for last-mile logistics scenario simulation and analysis

Lyon Living Lab

  • Peninsula Confluence between Saône and Rhône
     
  • Interesting use case as there are limited access points
     
  • Implementation of an urban consolidation center (UCC) to collect the flow of goods and organize last-mile distribution
    • using cargo-bikes
    • using electric robots
    • and others
       
  • Analysis and modeling through
    • Flow estimation through cameras
    • Simulation of future scenarios
       
  • Focus on parcel deliveries due to data availability

Modeling methodology

  • Main question: What is the impact on traffic and population of implementing an Urban Consolidation Center in Confluence?
     
  • Focus on B2C parcel deliveries due to data availability

Modeling methodology

Agent-based simulation of Lyon

  • Main question: What is the impact on traffic and population of implementing an Urban Consolidation Center in Confluence?
     
  • Focus on B2C parcel deliveries due to data availability

Modeling methodology

Agent-based simulation of Lyon

Demand in parcel deliveries

  • Main question: What is the impact on traffic and population of implementing an Urban Consolidation Center in Confluence?
     
  • Focus on B2C parcel deliveries due to data availability

Modeling methodology

Agent-based simulation of Lyon

Demand in parcel deliveries

Distribution by operators

  • Main question: What is the impact on traffic and population of implementing an Urban Consolidation Center in Confluence?
     
  • Focus on B2C parcel deliveries due to data availability

Modeling methodology

Agent-based simulation of Lyon

Demand in parcel deliveries

Distribution by operators

KPI Calculation

  • Main question: What is the impact on traffic and population of implementing an Urban Consolidation Center in Confluence?
     
  • Focus on B2C parcel deliveries due to data availability

Population census (RP)

Income data (FiLoSoFi)

Commuting data (RP-MOB)

National HTS (ENTD)

Enterprise census (SIRENE)

OpenStreetMap

GTFS (SYTRAL / SNCF)

Address database (BD-TOPO)

Methodology: Synthetic travel demand

EDGT

Synthetic travel demand has been generated for Lyon in order to perform agent-based mobility simulation of all residents' movements.

Methodology: Synthetic travel demand

Open
Data

Open
Software

+

=

Reproducible research

Integrated testing

Population census (RP)

Income data (FiLoSoFi)

Commuting data (RP-MOB)

National HTS (ENTD)

Enterprise census (SIRENE)

OpenStreetMap

GTFS (SYTRAL / SNCF)

Address database (BD-TOPO)

EDGT

Synthetic travel demand has been generated for Lyon in order to perform agent-based mobility simulation of all residents' movements.

Methodology: Synthetic travel demand

Open
Software

=

Reproducible research

Integrated testing

Paper published July 2021

Open
Data

Open
Software

+

=

Reproducible research

Integrated testing

Population census (RP)

Income data (FiLoSoFi)

Commuting data (RP-MOB)

National HTS (ENTD)

Enterprise census (SIRENE)

OpenStreetMap

GTFS (SYTRAL / SNCF)

Address database (BD-TOPO)

EDGT

Synthetic travel demand has been generated for Lyon in order to perform agent-based mobility simulation of all residents' movements.

Methodology: Synthetic travel demand

Methodology: Parcel demand

Synthetic population

+

Synthetic population

Out-of-home purchase survey
Achats découplés des ménages

Based on sociodemographic attributes of the households, parcels are generated for the city on an average day.

Gardrat, M., 2019. Méthodologie d’enquête: le découplage de l’achat et de la récupération des marchandises par les ménages. LAET, Lyon, France.

Methodology: Parcel demand

Synthetic population

+

Synthetic population

Out-of-home purchase survey
Achats découplés des ménages

Based on sociodemographic attributes of the households, parcels are generated for the city on an average day.

Gardrat, M., 2019. Méthodologie d’enquête: le découplage de l’achat et de la récupération des marchandises par les ménages. LAET, Lyon, France.

Methodology: Parcel demand

Synthetic population

+

Synthetic population

Out-of-home purchase survey
Achats découplés des ménages

Based on sociodemographic attributes of the households, parcels are generated for the city on an average day.

Gardrat, M., 2019. Méthodologie d’enquête: le découplage de l’achat et de la récupération des marchandises par les ménages. LAET, Lyon, France.

Methodology: Parcel demand

Synthetic population

Gardrat, M., 2019. Méthodologie d’enquête: le découplage de l’achat et de la récupération des marchandises par les ménages. LAET, Lyon, France.

+

Synthetic population

Out-of-home purchase survey
Achats découplés des ménages

Based on sociodemographic attributes of the households, parcels are generated for the city on an average day.

Gardrat, M., 2019. Méthodologie d’enquête: le découplage de l’achat et de la récupération des marchandises par les ménages. LAET, Lyon, France.

Methodology: Parcel demand

Synthetic population

Gardrat, M., 2019. Méthodologie d’enquête: le découplage de l’achat et de la récupération des marchandises par les ménages. LAET, Lyon, France.

+

Synthetic population

Out-of-home purchase survey
Achats découplés des ménages

Based on sociodemographic attributes of the households, parcels are generated for the city on an average day.

Iterative proportional fitting (IFP)

  • Based on synthetic population, find average number of purchases delivered to a household defined by socioprofesional class, age of the reference person and household size per day.
\mu_{a,h,s} = d_{s} \cdot \frac{w_{a,h,s}}{365}

Methodology: Parcel demand

Synthetic population

Gardrat, M., 2019. Méthodologie d’enquête: le découplage de l’achat et de la récupération des marchandises par les ménages. LAET, Lyon, France.

+

Synthetic population

Out-of-home purchase survey
Achats découplés des ménages

Based on sociodemographic attributes of the households, parcels are generated for the city on an average day.

Maximum entropy approach

  • We now the average number of parcels, but we do not now the distribution of the number of parcels for a household on an average day.
     
  • We know it must be non-negative, and we know the mean.
     
  • Without additional data, we assume maximum entropy distribution, which is Exponential in this case.
F(N \leq n) = \text{Pois}(\mu)

Methodology: Parcel demand

Synthetic population

Gardrat, M., 2019. Méthodologie d’enquête: le découplage de l’achat et de la récupération des marchandises par les ménages. LAET, Lyon, France.

+

Synthetic population

Out-of-home purchase survey
Achats découplés des ménages

Based on sociodemographic attributes of the households, parcels are generated for the city on an average day.

Methodology: Parcel demand

Synthetic population

Gardrat, M., 2019. Méthodologie d’enquête: le découplage de l’achat et de la récupération des marchandises par les ménages. LAET, Lyon, France.

+

Synthetic population

Out-of-home purchase survey
Achats découplés des ménages

Based on sociodemographic attributes of the households, parcels are generated for the city on an average day.

Methodology: Parcel demand

Synthetic population

Gardrat, M., 2019. Méthodologie d’enquête: le découplage de l’achat et de la récupération des marchandises par les ménages. LAET, Lyon, France.

+

Synthetic population

Out-of-home purchase survey
Achats découplés des ménages

Based on sociodemographic attributes of the households, parcels are generated for the city on an average day.

Methodology: Parcel demand

Synthetic population

Gardrat, M., 2019. Méthodologie d’enquête: le découplage de l’achat et de la récupération des marchandises par les ménages. LAET, Lyon, France.

+

Synthetic population

Out-of-home purchase survey
Achats découplés des ménages

Based on sociodemographic attributes of the households, parcels are generated for the city on an average day.

Presence of household members

First case study

Hörl, S. and J. Puchinger (2021) From synthetic population to parcel demand: Modeling pipeline and case study for last-mile deliveries in Lyon, Working paper.

Solve VRP-TW based on generated parcels and household presence

JSprit

First case study

Hörl, S. and J. Puchinger (2021) From synthetic population to parcel demand: Modeling pipeline and case study for last-mile deliveries in Lyon, Working paper.

Solve VRP-TW based on generated parcels and household presence

JSprit
VROOM

Scaling up: City-wide baseline

Using shares of customer preference, parcels are assigned to operators and the closest distribution centers.

SIRENE: Delivery centers

Scaling up: City-wide baseline

Using shares of customer preference, parcels are assigned to operators and the closest distribution centers.

SIRENE: Delivery centers

Using shares of customer preference, parcels are assigned to operators and the closest distribution centers.

SIRENE: Delivery centers

Scaling up: City-wide baseline

Scaling up: City-wide baseline

Minimization of a

  Vehicle routing and fleet composition problem

  to select among a class of vehicles and their routes
 
  (Currently, simple heuristic approach)

Scaling up: City-wide baseline

  • Allows us to cut out a better baseline scenario for Confluence

First main result: Estimate of the total distance driven for parcel deliveries in Lyon (by the most frequent operators).

Scaling up: City-wide baseline

Coming up: KPI Calculation

GHG/PM Emissions: Simulation based on Hbefa database with detailed driving conditions (cold start, current speed, ...)


(Alternative in LEAD: COPERT)

Noise Emissions: Simulation simulates noise emissions and emissions to arrive at exposure values

Coming up: Scenario dashboard

Caution: Current test results to exemplify the methodology. Model needs to be improved in multiple stages (see slide after).

Questions?

Validation

Traffic

  • Road counts (open data for Lyon)

Air quality

  • Observatoire Air Rhone-Alpes

Deliveries

  • Data will be provided by La Poste

Advances in reproducible simulation of parcel deliveries based on open data

By Sebastian Hörl

Advances in reproducible simulation of parcel deliveries based on open data

7 March 2022, SPLOTT

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