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SQL (1979)

Optimize the storage cost

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Rows Stores (RDBMS)

* Store data aligned by rows

* Reads retrieve a complete row every time

Why NoSQL

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The world has Changed

Origin of #NoSQL (2009)

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Google and Amazon develop new systems to storage data.

* Distributed systems

* Open Source

* Non relational

NoSQL

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Types of NoSQL Databases

* Key/Value Stores

* Column Stores

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* Multi-model Databases (Combine relational + non relational DBs)

* Document Stores

* Graph Stores

Types of NoSQL Databases

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Install MongoDB

$ echo "deb http://repo.mongodb.org/apt/ubuntu trusty/mongodb-org/3.2 multiverse" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/mongodb-org-3.2.list

Ubuntu

$ sudo apt-key adv --keyserver hkp://keyserver.ubuntu.com:80 --recv EA312927

$ sudo apt-get update

$ sudo apt-get install -y mongodb-org

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MongoDB Package Components

Core Processes

* Mongod

* Mongos

* Mongo

Binary Import and Export Tools

* Mongodump

* Mongorestore

* Mongooplog

* Bsondump

Data Import and Export Tools

Diagnostic Tools

* Mongoimport

* Mongoexport

* Mongostat

* Mongostop

* Mongosniff

* Mongoperf

GridFS

* Mongofiles

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Shell interface && Database commands

$ mongo
$ show databases
$ use rockalabs
$ db.users.insert({ nombre: "Sergio", apellido: "Florez")
$ db.users.findOne()
$ db.users.find()
$ db.users.find().pretty()

$ db.users.createIndex({ nombre: 1 })

$ show collections

$ db.users.dropIndex({ "username": 1 })
$ db.users.getIndexes()

$ mongostats

>db
mydb

If you want to check your databases list, use the command show dbs.

>show dbs
local     0.78125GB
test      0.23012GB

Your created database (mydb) is not present in list. To display database, you need to insert at least one document into it.

>db.movie.insert({"name":"tutorials point"})
>show dbs
local      0.78125GB
mydb       0.23012GB
test       0.23012GB

>use mydb
switched to db mydb
>show collections
mycol
mycollection
system.indexes
tutorialspoint
>db.mycollection.drop()

true

Again check the list of collections into database.

>db.COLLECTION_NAME.insert(document)

Example

>db.mycol.insert({
   _id: ObjectId(7df78ad8902c),
   title: 'MongoDB Overview', 
   description: 'MongoDB is no sql database',
   by: 'tutorials point',
   url: 'http://www.tutorialspoint.com',
   tags: ['mongodb', 'database', 'NoSQL'],
   likes: 100
})

Syntax

>db.mycol.find().pretty()

Example

>db.mycol.find().pretty()
{
   "_id": ObjectId(7df78ad8902c),
   "title": "MongoDB Overview", 
   "description": "MongoDB is no sql database",
   "by": "tutorials point",
   "url": "http://www.tutorialspoint.com",
   "tags": ["mongodb", "database", "NoSQL"],
   "likes": "100"
}

>db.mycol.update({'title':'MongoDB Overview'},{$set:{'title':'New MongoDB Tutorial'}})

>db.mycol.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId(5983548781331adf45ec5), "title":"New MongoDB Tutorial"}
{ "_id" : ObjectId(5983548781331adf45ec6), "title":"NoSQL Overview"}
{ "_id" : ObjectId(5983548781331adf45ec7), "title":"Tutorials Point Overview"}
>

By default, MongoDB will update only a single document. To update multiple documents, you need to set a parameter 'multi' to true.

>db.mycol.update({'title':'MongoDB Overview'},
   {$set:{'title':'New MongoDB Tutorial'}},{multi:true})

Example : REMOVE

Consider the mycol collection has the following data.

{ "_id" : ObjectId(5983548781331adf45ec5), "title":"MongoDB Overview"}
{ "_id" : ObjectId(5983548781331adf45ec6), "title":"NoSQL Overview"}
{ "_id" : ObjectId(5983548781331adf45ec7), "title":"Tutorials Point Overview"}

Following example will remove all the documents whose title is 'MongoDB Overview'.

>db.mycol.remove({'title':'MongoDB Overview'})
>db.mycol.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId(5983548781331adf45ec6), "title":"NoSQL Overview"}
{ "_id" : ObjectId(5983548781331adf45ec7), "title":"Tutorials Point Overview"}
>

Example: PROJECTION

Consider the collection mycol has the following data −

{ "_id" : ObjectId(5983548781331adf45ec5), "title":"MongoDB Overview"}
{ "_id" : ObjectId(5983548781331adf45ec6), "title":"NoSQL Overview"}
{ "_id" : ObjectId(5983548781331adf45ec7), "title":"Tutorials Point Overview"}

Following example will display the title of the document while querying the document.

>db.mycol.find({},{"title":1,_id:0})
{"title":"MongoDB Overview"}
{"title":"NoSQL Overview"}
{"title":"Tutorials Point Overview"}
>

Example :LIMIT

Consider the collection myycol has the following data.

{ "_id" : ObjectId(5983548781331adf45ec5), "title":"MongoDB Overview"}
{ "_id" : ObjectId(5983548781331adf45ec6), "title":"NoSQL Overview"}
{ "_id" : ObjectId(5983548781331adf45ec7), "title":"Tutorials Point Overview"}

Following example will display only two documents while querying the document.

>db.mycol.find({},{"title":1,_id:0}).limit(2)
{"title":"MongoDB Overview"}
{"title":"NoSQL Overview"}
>

Example : SORT

Consider the collection myycol has the following data.

{ "_id" : ObjectId(5983548781331adf45ec5), "title":"MongoDB Overview"}
{ "_id" : ObjectId(5983548781331adf45ec6), "title":"NoSQL Overview"}
{ "_id" : ObjectId(5983548781331adf45ec7), "title":"Tutorials Point Overview"}

Following example will display the documents sorted by title in the descending order.

>db.mycol.find({},{"title":1,_id:0}).sort({"title":-1})
{"title":"Tutorials Point Overview"}
{"title":"NoSQL Overview"}
{"title":"MongoDB Overview"}

db.COLLECTION_NAME.aggregate(AGGREGATE_OPERATION)

> db.mycol.aggregate([{$group : {_id : "$by_user", num_tutorial : {$sum : 1}}}])
{
   "result" : [
      {
         "_id" : "tutorials point",
         "num_tutorial" : 2
      },
      {
         "_id" : "Neo4j",
         "num_tutorial" : 1
      }
   ],
   "ok" : 1
}

Modeling Embedded Relationships

In the embedded approach, we will embed the address document inside the user document.

{
   "_id":ObjectId("52ffc33cd85242f436000001"),
   "contact": "987654321",
   "dob": "01-01-1991",
   "name": "Tom Benzamin",
   "address": [
      {
         "building": "170 A, Acropolis Apt",
         "pincode": 456789,
         "city": "Chicago",
         "state": "Illinois"
      }
   ]
}