Engineering Plasmonic Waves

in 2D Electron Systems 

Kitty Yeung

Harvard University

April 27th, 2015

Thesis advisor: Donhee Ham

Plasmonic waves in 2D

• Surface Plasmon 

• 2D Plasmon

AlGaAs/GaAs 2DEG

- GHz, low temperature

Graphene

- far-IR THz, room temperature

Nano Letters, 14, 2479 (2014)

 Submitted (2015) 

Jingyee Chee

Acknowledgement

Donhee Ham

Hosang Yoon

Jingyee Chee

William Andress

Ling Qin

Guangyu Xu

Jeffrey Abbott

Evelyn Hu

Marko Loncar

Amir Yacoby

David Clarke

Jing Kong (MIT)

Yi Song (MIT)

Loren Pfeiffer (Princeton)

Ken West (Princeton)

National Science Foundation

Air Force Office of Scientific Research

Office of Naval Research

Guixiong Zhong

Tim McClure

Plasmons in Different Dimensions

• Bulk
• Surface Plasmon 
• 2D Plasmon

Plasmons in Different Dimensions

• Bulk (3D)

E

Plasmons in Different Dimensions

• Surface Plasmon (3D)

Hosang Yoon, Kitty Yeung, Philip Kim, Donhee Ham, Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 372, 20130104 (2014)

Penetration Depth

TM mode E

Plasmons in Different Dimensions

• 2D Plasmon

Hosang Yoon, Kitty Yeung, Philip Kim, Donhee Ham, Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 372, 20130104 (2014)

Transmission Line Model 

• Ungated

Hosang Yoon, Kitty Yeung, Philip Kim, Donhee Ham, Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 372, 20130104 (2014)

Transmission Line Model

• Gated

Hosang Yoon, Kitty Yeung, Philip Kim, Donhee Ham, Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 372, 20130104 (2014)

2D Plasmonic Circuits

William Andress, Hosang Yoon, Kitty Yeung, Ling Qin et al., Nano Lett. 12, 2272 (2012)

440,000-fold mode-area reduction

~

2D Plasmonic Negative Refractive Metamaterial

Hosang Yoon, Kitty Yeung, V. Umansky and Donhee Ham, Nature, 488, 65 (2012)

Refractive index ~-700

2D Plasmonic Interferometer

Kitty Yeung et al., App. Phy. Lett. 102, 021104 (2013)

2D Plasmonic Interferometer

2D Plasmonic Interferometer

2D Plasmonic Interferometer

2D Plasmonic Interferometer

2D Plasmonic Interferometer

Temperature dependence

2D Plasmonic Interferometer

Temperature dependence

2D Plasmonic Materials

2DEG

Graphene

Hosang Yoon, Kitty Yeung, Philip Kim, Donhee Ham, Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 372, 20130104 (2014)

Hosang Yoon, et al., Nature Nanotech. 9, 594 (2014)

Graphene Plasmonics

                       Yan el al., Avouris Group

IBM (2012) 

Ju et al., Wang Group 

UC Berkeley (2011)     

First Graphene Plasmonic Crystals

Microscope

SEM

Kitty Yeung, Jingyee Chee et al. Nano Letters, 14, 2479 (2014)

Graphene Plasmonic Crystals

• Band Structure

Graphene Plasmonic Crystals

Graphene Plasmonic Crystals

C6v  point group symmetry

Graphene Plasmonic Crystals

Graphene Plasmonic Crystals

Graphene Plasmonic Crystals

• Carrier concentration

Graphene Plasmonic Crystals

• Fermi level measurement

Graphene Plasmonic Crystals

graphene

quartz

Submitted (2015) 

• Lattice dimensions

Graphene Plasmonic Crystals

simulation

experiment

• Lattice dimensions

Graphene Plasmonic Crystals

• Lattice symmetry

circular apertures

elliptical apertures

C6v  

C4v  

C2v  

Graphene Plasmonic Crystals

• Symmetry breaking - degeneracy lifting

circular apertures

elliptical apertures

Graphene Plasmonic Crystals

• Symmetry breaking

Graphene Plasmonic Crystals

circular apertures

elliptical apertures

• Symmetry breaking - inactive modes excited

Graphene Plasmonic Crystals

Graphene Plasmonic Crystals

• Symmetry breaking - inactive modes excited

Graphene Plasmonic Crystals

Band Structure Engineering

• Carrier concentration
• Substrate dielectric constant
• Lattice dimensions
• Aperture shape
• Lattice symmetry

Research papers

Kitty Y. M. Yeung, Hosang Yoon, William Andress, Ken West, Loren Pfeiffer and Donhee Ham, Two-Path Solid-State Interferometry Using Ultra-Subwavelength 2D Plasmonic Waves,

App. Phys. Lett. 102, 021104 (2013)

William Andress, Hosang Yoon, Kitty Y. M. Yeung, Ling Qin, Ken West, Loren Pfeiffer and Donhee Ham, Ultra-Subwavelength Two-Dimensional Plasmonic Circuits,

Nano Lett. 12, 2272 (2012)

Hosang Yoon, Kitty Y. M. Yeung, V. Umansky and Donhee Ham, A Newtonian Approach to Negative Refraction, Nature, 488, 65 (2012)

Engineering Plasmonic Waves in 2D Electron Systems 

Hosang Yoon, Kitty Yeung, Philip Kim, Donhee Ham,

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 372, 20130104 (2014)

1

2

3

4

Research papers

Kitty Y. M. Yeung, Jingyee Chee, Hosang Yoon, Yi Song, Jing Kong and Donhee Ham, Far-Infrared Graphene Plasmonic Crystals for Plasmonis Band Engineering,

Nano Letters, 14, 2479 (2014)

Engineering Plasmonic Waves in 2D Electron Systems 

Kitty Y. M. Yeung, Jingyee Chee, Yi Song, Jing Kong and Donhee Ham,

Symmetry Engineering of Graphene Plasmonic Crystals,

Submitted (2015)

5

6

Acknowledgement

Donhee Ham

Hosang Yoon

Jingyee Chee

William Andress

Ling Qin

Guangyu Xu

Jeffrey Abbott

Evelyn Hu

Marko Loncar

Amir Yacoby

David Clarke

Jing Kong (MIT)

Yi Song (MIT)

Loren Pfeiffer (Princeton)

Ken West (Princeton)

National Science Foundation

Air Force Office of Scientific Research

Office of Naval Research

Guixiong Zhong

Tim McClure

Acknowledgement

Ian Frank

Shota Kita

Hu Group

Kasey Russell

Jonathan Lee

Michael Moebius

Mikhail Kats

Nathalie de Leon

Marsela Jorgolli

Nuno Peres (Minho)

Yuliy Bludov (Minho)

Jiangdong Deng

Jason Tresback

Ling Xie

Mike Donohoe

Jun Xu (MIT)

Acknowledgement

Acknowledgement

My family

Engineering Plasmonic Waves

in 2D Electron Systems 

Kitty Yeung

Harvard University

April 27th, 2015

Thesis advisor: Donhee Ham