Langendorff Experiment

Neurotransmitter/Drug effects

• Adrenaline (epinephrine)
  • Sympathetic
  • β1 receptor activation
  • Propanolol - β-blocker
  • Phentolamine - α-adrenergic antagonist
• Acetylcholine
  • Parasympathetic
  • M2 receptor
• Verapamil
  • Voltage-gated Ca2+ inhibitors.
  • Reduces strength of contraction.
  • These channels are also found in SA and AV nodes.

• Atropine
  • Antimuscarinic (AKA anticholinergic)
• Strophanthin
  • Inhibits Na ⁺/K ⁺ ATPase, inhibiting Na ⁺/Ca ²⁺ exchange, increasing intracellular Ca ²⁺.
  • Increases contractility and vagal response

Lab Purpose

To allow students to experiment with principles of hematology, blood typing, genetics and immunology.

Lab objectives

• Give normal blood values for hematocrit, erythrocyte count, hemoglobin content and leukocyte content.
• Be able to suggest causes of abnormal values.
• Determine hematocrit values in whole blood & suggest causes for high and low values.
• Determine blood typing for the ABO and Rh protein factor systems.
• Explain heredity patterns for ABO blood types.
• Determine appropriate blood transfusion matches given any blood type for both the recipient and donor.
• In the event of insufficient matched blood types for transfusion, name cross-matched transfusions that could be done without significant antigen-antibody reactions.

Lab Safety

The capillary tube centrifuge

I will be dispensing the antibodies for blood typing.

Blood Components

Normal Blood Values

• Hematocrit
  • ♂ 45%-52%
  • ♀ 37%-48%
• Erythrocyte count: 4.5-5.5 million/microliter
• Hgb: 14-16 grams/100 mLs
• Leukocyte: 5k-9k/microliter
• Platelets: 200k-500k/microliter

Blood Types

Erythroblastosis fetalis