print("Hello  World!")

one = 1
two = 2
three = one + two

hello = "hello"
world = "world"
helloworld = hello + world

print(three)
print(helloworld)

mylist = []
mylist.append(1)
mylist.append("hello") 

print(mylist[1])

colors = ['red', 'brown', 'blue', 'green', 'white']

colors[1]
#brown

colors[2:4]
#['blue', 'green']

number = 1 + 2 * 10 / 5.0

remainder = 11 % 5

squared = 5 ** 2
cubed = 5 ** 3

#string operations
helloworld = "hello" + "world"
lotsofhellos = "hello" * 10 

#list operations
even_numbers = [2,4,6,8]
odd_numbers = [1,3,5,7]
all_numbers = odd_numbers + even_numbers

print([1,2,3] * 3)

cost = 44.5
tax = 0.0675 * 44.5
total_cost = cost + tax
tip = 0.15 * total_cost
print(tip) # tip = 7.13
print(tip+total_cost) #overall cost = 54.63

name = "John"
age = 23
print("%s is %d years old." % (name, age))
# John is 23 years old


# This prints out: A list: [1, 2, 3]
mylist = [1,2,3]
print("A list: %s" % mylist)

s = "Hey there! what should this string be?"
print("Length of s = %d" % len(s))

print("The first occurrence of the letter a = %d" % s.index("a"))

print("a occurs %d times" % s.count("a"))

# Slicing the string into bits
print("The first five characters are '%s'" % s[:5]) # Start to 5
print("The next five characters are '%s'" % s[5:10]) # 5 to 10
print("The twelfth character is '%s'" % s[12]) # Just number 12
print("The characters with odd index are '%s' " %s[1::2]) #(0-based indexing)
print("The last five characters are '%s'" % s[-5:]) # 5th-from-last to end

# Convert everything to uppercase
print("String in uppercase: %s" % s.upper())

# Convert everything to lowercase
print("String in lowercase: %s" % s.lower())

# Check how a string starts
if s.startswith("Hey"):
    print("String starts with 'Hey'. Good!")

# Check how a string ends
if s.endswith("ome!"):
    print("String ends with 'ome!'. Good!")

# Split the string into three separate strings,
# each containing only a word
print("Split the words of the string: %s" % s.split(" "))

cost = 44.5
tax = 0.0675 * 44.5
total_cost = cost + tax
tip = 0.15 * total_cost
print(tip) # tip = 7.13
name = "Bhoomika"
print ("Hello %s! Your total bill amount is %.2f$" %(name, tip+total_cost))

name = "Ram"
if name in ["Ram", "Bharat"]:
    print("Your name is either Ram or Bharat.")

people = 30
cars = 40

if cars > people:
    print("We should take the cars.")
elif cars < people:
    print("We should not take the cars.")
else:
    print("We can't decide.")

print(not False) # Prints out True

primes = [2, 3, 5, 7]
for prime in primes:
    print(prime) #prime acts as iterator

# we can also build lists, first start with an empty one
elements = []

for i in range(0, 6):
    elements.append(i)

for x in range(3, 6):
    print(x)

count = 0
while count < 5:
    print(count)
    count += 1  

# Prints out only odd numbers - 1,3,5,7,9
for x in range(10):
    # Check if x is even
    if x % 2 == 0:
        continue
    print(x)

#Works for all data types

username = input("What is your name? ")
myage = input("What is your age? ")

s = input("Enter a word:")

#check if the first letter is a vowel
if s[0] in ['a', 'e', 'i', 'o', 'u']:
    piglatin = s + "way"
else:
    piglatin = s[1:] + s[0] + "ay"
    
print("Your word in piglatin is", piglatin)

def my_function():
    print("Hello there!")

def sum_two_numbers(a, b):
    return a + b

#Prints "Hello there!"
my_function()

x=sum_two_numbers(10,15)
#x now holds the sum of 10 and 15
print(x)

def prime(x):
    #check for all numbers between 2 and x-1
    for i in range(2,x):
        #check for divisibility and return False
        if x%i == 0:
            return False
    #return True if loop is exited
    return True
    
def twin_primes(a, b):
    if prime(a) and prime(b) and abs(a-b)==2:
        return True
    else:
        return False

a = input("Enter the first number:")
b = input("Enter the second number:")
if twin_primes(int(a),int(b)):
    print("The 2 numbers entered are twin primes")
else:
    print("The 2 numbers entered are not twin primes")

phonebook = {
    "John" : 938477566,
    "Jack" : 938377264,
    "Jill" : 947662781,
    "Jake" : 998833221
}

#Prints all the phone numbers in the dictionary
for name, number in phonebook.items():
    print("Phone number of %s is %d" % (name, number))

#Deletes the entries of John and Jake from the phonebook
if "John" not in phonebook:
    print("John is not listed in the phonebook.")
else:
    del phonebook["John"]

phonebook.pop("Jake")

key_word_list = ['cricket', 'india', 'football', 'cricket', 'google','yahoo', 'google', 'india', 'cricket']
my_dict = {}

for key_word in key_word_list:
    if key_word not in my_dict:
        my_dict[key_word] = 1
    else:
        my_dict[key_word] = my_dict[key_word] + 1

print(my_dict)