Brett Parker-

Stages of the Industrial Revolution

First Industrial Revolution

The First Industrial Revolution spanned Europe and North America, from the mid-18th century until the late 19th century. The aforementioned was a period in which agrarian and rural societies began to become industrial and urban.  The iron and textile industries, together with the development of the steam engine, played a central role in the beginning of the Industrial Revolution.

Second Industrial Revolution

The Second Industrial Revolution took place between 1870 and 1914, just before the First World War. It was the period of growth for pre-existing industries and the expansion of new ones, such as steel, oil and electricity, and the use of electrical energy to create mass production. The main technological advances during this period included the telephone, bulb, phonograph and internal combustion engine.

Third Industrial Revolution

The third industrial revolution, or the digital revolution, refers to the advancement of technology from analog electronic and mechanical devices to the digital technology currently available. The era began during the eighties and is ongoing. Advances during the third industrial revolution include the personal computer, the Internet, and information and communications technology (ICT)

Fourth Industrial Revolution

The Fourth Industrial Revolution is based on the Digital Revolution, which represents new ways in which technology is integrated into societies and even the human body. It is marked by emerging technological advances in several fields, including: robotics, artificial intelligence, nanotechnology, quantum computing, biotechnology, Internet of things (IoT), 3D printing and autonomous vehicles.