Elisa Beshero-Bondar PRO
Professor of Digital Humanities and Chair of the Digital Media, Arts, and Technology Program at Penn State Erie, The Behrend College.
TEI-MEC 2023: Paderborn
7 September 2023
Link to these slides: https://bit.ly/fv-bespoke
Alive and rebooted! https://frankensteinvariorum.org
Elisa Beshero-Bondar | Raffaele Viglianti | Yuying Jin |
@ebeshero | @raffazizzi | @yuying-jin |
Most immediate context: Darwin Online (ed. Barbara Bordalejo), except...
James Rieger, ed., first new edition of 1818 in 141
years : inline collation of "Thomas" w/ 1818,
1831 variants in endnotes
Legend:
Stuart Curran and Jack Lynch: PA Electronic Edition (PAEE) , collation of 1818 and 1831: HTML
Nora Crook crit. ed of 1818, variants of "Thomas", 1823, and 1831 in endnotes (P&C MWS collected works)
Romantic Circles TEI conversion of PAEE ; separates the texts of 1818 and 1831; collation via Juxta
1974
~mid-1990s
1996
Charles Robinson, The Frankenstein Notebooks (Garland): print facsimile of 1816 ms drafts
2007
Shelley-Godwin Archive publishes diplomatic edition of 1816 ms drafts
print edition
digital edition
Legend:
2013
2017
Frankenstein Variorum Project :
assembly/proof-correcting of PAEE files; OCR/proof-correcting 1823; "bridge" TEI edition of S-GA notebook files; automated collation; incorporating "Thomas" copy text
Prepared from OCR new XML of 1823 edition
sample surface encoding from S-GA
<surface xmlns:mith="http://mith.umd.edu/sc/ns1#" lrx="3847" lry="5342"
partOf="#ox-frankenstein_volume_i" ulx="0" uly="0"
mith:folio="21r" mith:shelfmark="MS. Abinger c. 56"
xml:base="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/
umd-mith/sga/master/data/tei/ox/ox-ms_abinger_c56/ox-ms_abinger_c56-0045.xml"
xml:id="ox-ms_abinger_c56-0045">
<graphic url="http://shelleygodwinarchive.org/images/ox/ms_abinger_c56/ms_abinger_c56-0045.jp2"/>
<zone rend="bordered" type="pagination"><line>75</line></zone>
<zone type="library"><line>21</line></zone>
<!-- lines of text elided here -->
<line>to form. His limbs were in proportion</line>
<line>and I had selected his features <del rend="strikethrough">h</del> as</line>
<line><mod>
<del rend="strikethrough">handsome</del>
<del rend="unmarked">.</del>
<anchor xml:id="c56-0045.01"/>
</mod>
<mod>
<del rend="strikethrough">Handsome</del>
<add hand="#pbs" place="superlinear">Beautiful</add>
</mod>; Great God! His</line>
<!-- at the end of the surface encoding, encoding material in a left-margin zone: --->
<zone corresp="#c56-0045.01" type="left_margin">
<line><add><mod>
<del rend="strikethrough">handsome</del>
<add hand="#pbs" place="superlinear">beautiful.</add>
</mod></add></line>
</zone>
<!-- other marginal insertions encoded -->
</surface>
<surface lrx="3847" lry="5342"
partOf="#ox-frankenstein_volume_i"
ulx="0" uly="0" folio="21r" shelfmark="MS. Abinger c. 56" base="ox-ms_abinger_c56/ox-ms_abinger_c56-0045.xml"
id="ox-ms_abinger_c56-0045" sID="ox-ms_abinger_c56-0045"/>
<graphic url="http://shelleygodwinarchive.org/images/ox/ms_abinger_c56/ms_abinger_c56-0045.jp2"/>
<zone type="main" sID="c56-0045__main"/>
<lb n="c56-0045__main__17"/>
<del rend="strikethrough" sID="c56-0045__main__d2e9811"/>But how<del eID="c56-0045__main__d2e9811"/> How can I describe
my <lb n="c56-0045__main__18"/> emotion at this catastrophe; or how
<w ana="start"/>deli<lb n="c56-0045__main__19"/>neate<w ana="end"/>
the wretch whom with such <lb n="c56-0045__main__20"/> infinite pains and care I had endeavoured <lb n="c56-0045__main__21"/> to form. His limbs were in proportion <lb n="c56-0045__main__22"/> and I had selected his features <del rend="strikethrough" sID="c56-0045__main__d2e9830"/>h<del eID="c56-0045__main__d2e9830"/> as <lb n="c56-0045__main__23"/>
<mod sID="c56-0045__main__d2e9835"/>
<del rend="strikethrough" sID="c56-0045__main__d2e9837"/>handsome<del eID="c56-0045__main__d2e9837"/>
<mdel>.</mdel>
<anchor xml:id="c56-0045.01"/>
<zone corresp="#c56-0045.01" type="left_margin" sID="c56-0045__left_margin"/>
<lb n="c56-0045__left_margin__1"/>
<add sID="c56-0045__left_margin__d2e9849"/>
<mod sID="c56-0045__left_margin__d2e9851"/>
<del rend="strikethrough" sID="c56-0045__left_margin__d2e9853"/>handsome<del eID="c56-0045__left_margin__d2e9853"/>
<add hand="#pbs" place="superlinear" sID="c56-0045__left_margin__d2e9856"/>beautiful.<add eID="c56-0045__left_margin__d2e9856"/>
<mod eID="c56-0045__left_margin__d2e9851"/>
<add eID="c56-0045__left_margin__d2e9849"/>
<zone eID="c56-0045__left_margin"/>
<mod eID="c56-0045__main__d2e9835"/>
<mod sID="c56-0045__main__d2e9863"/>
<del rend="strikethrough" sID="c56-0045__main__d2e9865"/>Handsome<del eID="c56-0045__main__d2e9865"/>
<add hand="#pbs" place="superlinear" sID="c56-0045__main__d2e9868"/>Beautiful<add eID="c56-0045__main__d2e9868"/>
<mod eID="c56-0045__main__d2e9863"/>; Great God! His <lb n="c56-0045__main__24"/>
Introduce textual scholarship to students, fans of Frankenstein
as well as text scholars, 19c specialists:
Manuscript (from Shelley-Godwin Archive):
<lb n="c56-0045__main__2"/>It was on a dreary night of November
<lb n="c56-0045__main__3"/>that I beheld <del rend="strikethrough"
xml:id="c56-0045__main__d5e9572">
<add hand="#pbs" place="superlinear" xml:id="c56-0045__main__d5e9574">the frame on
whic</add></del> my man comple<del>at</del>
<add place="intralinear" xml:id="c56-0045__main__d5e9582">te</add>
<add xml:id="c56-0045__main__d5e9585">ed</add>
1818 (from PA Electronic edition)
<p xml:id="novel1_letter4_chapter4_div4_div4_p1">I<hi>T</hi> was on a dreary
night of November, that I beheld the accomplishment of my toils.</p>
<del>
and <p>
markup<lb/>
elements, attribute nodes<hi>
elements as meaningful markup because sometimes they are meaningful for emphasis.MS (from Shelley-Godwin Archive):
It was on a dreary night of November that I beheld
<del>the frame on whic</del> my man
comple<del>at</del>teed
1818 (from PA Electronic edition)
<p>IT was on a dreary
night of November, that I beheld
the accomplishment of my toils.</p>
MS (from Shelley-Godwin Archive):
["It", "was", "on", "a", "dreary",
"night", "of". "November", "that",
"I", "beheld"
"<del>the frame on whic</del>",
"my", "man",
"comple", "<del>at</del>", "teed"]
1818 (from PA Electronic edition)
["<p>", "IT", "was", "on", "a", "dreary",
"night", "of", "November,", "that", "I", "beheld",
"the", "accomplishment", "of", "my", "toils.", "</p>"]
Project decision: Treat a deletion as a complete and indivisible event:
a ”long token”. This helps to align other witnesses around it.
(Embedded markup is a little more complicated than our previous example)
<app>
<rdgGrp n="['that', 'i', 'beheld']">
<rdg wit="f1818">that I beheld</rdg>
<rdg wit="f1823">that I beheld</rdg>
<rdg wit="fThomas">that I beheld</rdg>
<rdg wit="f1831">that I beheld</rdg>
<rdg wit="fMS"><lb n="c56-0045__main__3"/>that I beheld</rdg>
</rdgGrp>
</app>
<app>
<rdgGrp n="['<del> the frame on whic</del>',
'my', 'man', 'comple',
'', '<mdel>at</mdel>', 'te', 'ed',
',', '.', '<del>and</del>']">
<rdg wit="fMS"><del rend="strikethrough"
xml:id="c56-0045__main__d5e9572">
<sga-add hand="#pbs" place="superlinear"
sID="c56-0045__main__d5e9574"/>the
frame on whic <sga-add eID="c56-0045__main__d5e9574"/> </del> my man
comple <mod sID="c56-0045__main__d5e9578"/>
<mdel>at</mdel>
<sga-add place="intralinear" sID="c56-0045__main__d5e9582"/>te
<sga-add eID="c56-0045__main__d5e9582"/>
<sga-add sID="c56-0045__main__d5e9585"/>ed
<sga-add eID="c56-0045__main__d5e9585"/>
<mod eID="c56-0045__main__d5e9578"/>
<sga-add hand="#pbs" place="intralinear"sID="c56-0045__main__d5e9588"/>,
<sga-add eID="c56-0045__main__d5e9588"/>.
<del rend="strikethrough"
xml:id="c56-0045__main__d5e9591">And</del></rdg>
</rdgGrp>
<rdgGrp n="['the', 'accomplishment', 'of', 'my', 'toils.']">
<rdg wit="f1818">the accomplishment of my toils.</rdg>
<rdg wit="f1823">the accomplishment of my toils.</rdg>
<rdg wit="fThomas">the accomplishment of my toils.</rdg>
<rdg wit="f1831">the accomplishment of my toils.</rdg>
</rdgGrp>
</app>
Legend
MS
1818
Thm
1823
1831
gaps, alignments, relative string-length for each ”chunk”
We love to talk about the functional standoff critical apparatus "spine" of our edition!
But TEI may not love our reconstructed edition files. . .
🤨
<seg>
elements around variant passages<p>
tagseg>
elements that wrap around <p>
elements
<elementSpec ident="seg" mode="change">
<desc>represents any segmentation of text below the <soCalled>chunk</soCalled> level.
In our customization, the <gi>seg</gi> element may appear at any level of the document
under the <gi>body</gi> element, and may surround <gi>p</gi> elements or appear inside them.
Because the <gi>seg</gi> element is generated to represent a passage of variation,
and variation <q>chunks</q> can be larger or smaller than paragraphs,
we have restructured the TEI to permit a more flexible encoding.</desc>
<content>
<alternate minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded">
<macroRef key="macro.paraContent"/>
<classRef key="model.pLike" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
<classRef key="model.headLike" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
<elementRef key="del-INNER" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
<elementRef key="add-INNER" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
<elementRef key="mdel" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
<elementRef key="shi" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
<elementRef key="delSpan" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
<elementRef key="zone" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
</alternate>
</content>
</elementSpec>
<elementSpec ident="body" mode="replace">
<desc versionDate="2023-08-28" xml:lang="en">contains the whole body of a single unitary
text, excluding any front or back matter. We are modifying the body element to permit it
to contain <gi>seg</gi> and text nodes for representing our re-sequenced version of the
Shelley-Godwin Archive files.</desc>
<classes>
<memberOf key="att.global"/>
<memberOf key="att.declaring"/>
</classes>
<content>
<alternate minOccurs="0"
maxOccurs="unbounded">
<classRef key="model.global"
minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
<elementRef key="listApp" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1"/>
<classRef key="model.pLike" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
<classRef key="model.divTop" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
<classRef key="model.divGenLike" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
<elementRef key="seg" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
<elementRef key="lg" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
<elementRef key="add" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
<elementRef key="mod" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
<elementRef key="shi" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
<elementRef key="w" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
<textNode/>
</alternate>
<sequence minOccurs="0"
maxOccurs="unbounded">
<classRef key="model.divBottom"/>
<classRef key="model.global"
minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
</sequence>
</content>
</elementSpec>
(Yes, we should really do this with <div>
instead and we'll remodel.)
<seg>
?app/rdg
structure in a file harmonizing all the witnessesMore broadly, to complement standoff by enriching the inline:
By Elisa Beshero-Bondar
Presentation for the TEI-MEC conference 2023
Professor of Digital Humanities and Chair of the Digital Media, Arts, and Technology Program at Penn State Erie, The Behrend College.