federica bianco PRO
astro | data science | data for good
University of Delaware
Department of Physics and Astronomy
Biden School of Public Policy and Administration
Data Science Institute
Rubin Legacy Survey of Space and Time
Deputy Project Scientist, Rubin Construction
Interim Head of Science, Rubin Operations
Image credit: NASA/CXC/M.Weiss
slides available at
This is a living land acknowledgement developed in consultation with tribal leadership of Poutaxet, what is now known as the “Delaware Bay,” including: the Lenape Indian Tribe of Delaware, the Nanticoke Indian Tribe, and the Nanticoke Lenni-Lenape Tribal Nation in 2021. We thank these leaders for their generosity.
The University of Delaware occupies lands vital to the web of life for Lenni Lenape and Nanticoke, who share their ancestry, history, and future in this region. UD has financially benefited from this regional occupation as well as from Indigenous territories that were expropriated through the United States land grant system. European colonizers and later the United States forced Nanticoke and Lenni Lenape westward and northward, where they formed nations in present-day Oklahoma, Wisconsin, and Ontario, Canada. Others never left their homelands or returned from exile when they could. We express our appreciation for ongoing Indigenous stewardship of the ecologies and traditions of this region. While the harms to Indigenous people and their homelands are beyond repair, we commit to building right relationships going forward by collaborating with tribal leadership on actionable institutional steps.
Vera C. Rubin Observatory:
Ushering a New Era of TDA
Rubin Observatory
Site: Cerro Pachon, Chile
Funding: US NSF + DOE
Status: final phases of construction - completion expected 2023
@fedhere
September 2016
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Fabruary 2020
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May 2022
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November 2022
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May 2022
May 2022 - Telescope Mount Assembly
The DOE LSST Camera - 3.2 Gigapixel
3.2 Gigapixel camera
378 4K ultra-high-definition TV
The DOE LSST Camera - 3.2 Gigapixel
Camera and Cryostat integration completed at SLAC in May,
Shutter and filter auto-changer integrated into camera body
3024 science raft amplifier channels, only 3 are substandard.
400 4K HD TVs
u g r i z y
UV
N I R
Rubin Focus Issue of ApJS on Rubin Survey Strategy Optimization
LSST Data Volume: a change of perspective
Rubin will see ~1000 SN every night!
A lot of them will be too faint to study with traditional means, particularly spectra.
Lots of emphasis in new analysis techniques that rely on "Big Data"
federica bianco fbianco@udel.edu
@fedhere
federica bianco - fbianco@udel.edu
@fedhere
At this level of precision,everything is variable, everything is blended, everything is moving.
| u,g,r,i,z,y | |
|---|---|
| Photometric precision Photometric accuracy Astrometric precision Astrometric accuracy # visits* mag single image* mag single coadd* |
5 mmag 10 mmag 10 mas 50 mas 44, 63, 178, 182, 154, 160 23.8, 24.5, 24.0, 23.4 22.7, 23 26.9, 26.9, 26.4, 25.6, 24.8 |
SDSS
LSST-like HSC composite
http://faculty.washington.edu/ivezic/talks/NASAseminar.pdf
SDSS 2x4 arcmin sq griz
MYSUC (Gawiser 2014) 1 mag shallower than LSST coadds
federica bianco - fbianco@udel.edu
At this level of precision,everything is variable, everything is blended, everything is moving.
http://faculty.washington.edu/ivezic/talks/NASAseminar.pdf
@fedhere
| u,g,r,i,z,y | |
|---|---|
| Photometric precision Photometric accuracy Astrometric precision Astrometric accuracy # visits* mag single image* mag single coadd* |
5 mmag 10 mmag 10 mas 50 mas 44, 63, 178, 182, 154, 160 23.8, 24.5, 24.0, 23.4 22.7, 23 26.9, 26.9, 26.4, 25.6, 24.8 |
~1000 images per night
10M alerts per night (5sigma changes)
17B stars Ivezic+18
~10 million QSO Mary Loli+21
∼200 quadruply-lensed quasars Minghao+19
~50 kilonovae Setzer+19, Andreoni+19 (+ ToO)
~1000 SNe every night in the LSST sky
(10K/year) LSST SCs 2009
Rubin Transients by the number
SKA
(2025)
(original graphics: Leanne Guy)
Data Products
federica bianco - fbianco@udel.edu
@fedhere
world public!
federica bianco - fbianco@udel.edu
@fedhere
world public!
Rubin Observatory LSST
federica bianco - fbianco@udel.edu
@fedhere
LSST Science Drivers
Probing Dark Energy and Dark Matter
LSST Science Drivers
Taking an inventory of the solar system
from threatening NEO to the distant Oort Cloud
image credit ESO-Gaia
LSST Science Drivers
Mapping the Milky Way (and Local Volume)
LSST Science Drivers
image credit: ESA-Justyn R. Maund
Exploring the Transients and Variable Universe
10M alerts every night shared with the world
60 seconds after observation
17B stars Ivezic+18
~10 million QSO Mary Loli+21
∼200 quadruply-lensed quasars Minghao+19
~50 kilonovae Setzer+19, Andreoni+19 (+ ToO)
~1000 SNe every night in the LSST sky
(10K/year) LSST SCs 2009
Rubin Transients by the number
17B stars Ivezic+18
~10 million QSO Mary Loli+21
∼200 quadruply-lensed quasars Minghao+19
~50 kilonovae Setzer+19, Andreoni+19 (+ ToO)
~1000 SNe every night in the LSST sky
(10K/year) LSST SCs 2009
Rubin Transients by the number
SKA
(2025)
17B stars Ivezic+18
~10 million QSO Mary Loli+21
∼200 quadruply-lensed quasars Minghao+19
~50 kilonovae Setzer+19, Andreoni+19 (+ ToO)
~1000 SNe every night in the LSST sky
(10K/year) LSST SCs 2009
Rubin Transients by the number
SKA
(2025)
17B stars Ivezic+18
~10 million QSO Mary Loli+21
∼200 quadruply-lensed quasars Minghao+19
~50 kilonovae Setzer+19, Andreoni+19 (+ ToO)
~1000 SNe every night in the LSST sky
(10K/year) LSST SCs 2009
Rubin Transients by the number
SKA
(2025)
17B stars Ivezic+19
~10 million QSO Mary Loli+21
∼200 quadruply-lensed quasars Minghao+19
~50 kilonovae Setzer+19, Andreoni+19 (+ ToO)
~10k SuperLuminous Supernovae Villar+ 2018
Rubin Transients by the number
SKA
(2025)
17B stars Ivezic+19
~10 million QSO Mary Loli+21
∼200 quadruply-lensed quasars Minghao+19
~50 kilonovae Setzer+19, Andreoni+19 (+ ToO)
~10k SuperLuminous Supernovae Villar+ 2018
~ 50k Tidal Disruption Events Brickman+ 2020
Rubin Transients by the number
SKA
(2025)
17B stars Ivezic+19
~10 million QSO Mary Loli+21
∼200 quadruply-lensed quasars Minghao+19
~50 kilonovae Setzer+19, Andreoni+19 (+ ToO)
~10k SuperLuminous Supernovae Villar+ 2018
~ 50k Tidal Disruption Events Brickman+ 2020
> 10 Interstellar Objects (aliens?)
Rubin Transients by the number
SKA
(2025)
17B stars Ivezic+19
~10 million QSO Mary Loli+21
∼200 quadruply-lensed quasars Minghao+19
~50 kilonovae Setzer+19, Andreoni+19 (+ ToO)
~10k SuperLuminous Supernovae Villar+ 2018
~ 50k Tidal Disruption Events Brickman+ 2020
> 10 Interstellar Objects (aliens?)
SN?
Rubin Transients by the number
SKA
(2025)
Rubin Transients by the number
17B stars Ivezic+19
~10 million QSO Mary Loli+21
∼200 quadruply-lensed quasars Minghao+19
~50 kilonovae Setzer+19, Andreoni+19 (+ ToO)
~10k SuperLuminous Supernovae Villar+ 2018
~ 50k Tidal Disruption Events Brickman+ 2020
> 10 Interstellar Objects (aliens?)
~1000 SN / night
LSST
federica bianco - fbianco@udel.edu
@fedhere
Rubin will see ~1000 SN every night!
Credit: Alex Gagliano University of Illinois, IAIFI fellow 2023
LSST time domain data products
What time scales can LSST probe?
Ivezić+2019
We study rare and unusual transients with machine learning and probabilistic inference
FASTLab
Image Credit: Xiaolong Li
What time scales can LSST probe?
Ivezić+2019
LSST has profoundly changed the TDA infrastructure
Discovery Engine
10M alerts/night
Community Brokers
target observation managers
the astronomy discovery chain
Pitt-Google
Broker
BABAMUL
Photometric Classification of transients
highest participation of any astronomical Kaggle challenges
Presto Color observing strategy
proposing an LSST strategy collecting 3 images in 1 night in 2 filters Bianco et al. 2019
A probabilistic classifier for unusual transients within a single night of observations
Mr. Ming Lian Master Thesis
Sampling 40,000 transients
for each of 22 classes
in a hypercube in 6 dimensions:
- DT1
- DT2
- Filter 1
- Filter 2
- color
- magnitude
Sampling 40,000 transients
for each of 22 classes
in a hypercube in 6 dimensions:
- DT1
- DT2
- Filter 1
- Filter 2
- color
- magnitude
Punusual~0.95
Punusual~0.01
A probabilistic classifier for unusual transients within a single night of observations
Mr. Ming Lian Master Thesis
Data-Driven Templates for stripped SESN
can we tell them apart from their LSST lightcurves?
Dr. Somayeh Khakpash
LSSTC Catalyst Fellow, Rutgers
Dr. Somayeh Khakpash
LSSTC Catalyst Fellow, Rutgers
Open Astronomy Catalogs API
James Guillochon
165 well-observed SESNe
for constructing templates
Data-Driven Templates for stripped SESN
Dr. Somayeh Khakpash
LSSTC Catalyst Fellow, Rutgers
Open Astronomy Catalogs API
James Guillochon
165 well-observed SESNe
for constructing templates
Data-Driven Templates for stripped SESN
Dr. Somayeh Khakpash
LSSTC Catalyst Fellow, Rutgers
Data-Driven Templates for stripped SESN
Dr. Somayeh Khakpash
LSSTC Catalyst Fellow, Rutgers
Data-Driven Templates for stripped SESN
Weighted median SESN templates
relative mag
We demonstrate that using the weighed average induces bias
Dr. Somayeh Khakpash
LSSTC Catalyst Fellow, Rutgers
Data-Driven Templates for stripped SESN
Gaussian Processes subtype templates for IIb, Ib Ic, Ic-bl, Ibn
Dr. Somayeh Khakpash
LSSTC Catalyst Fellow, Rutgers
Data-Driven Templates for stripped SESN
- using SESN templates to start the Gaussian Processes fit
Gaussian Processes subtype templates for IIb, Ib Ic, Ic-bl, Ibn
Dr. Somayeh Khakpash
LSSTC Catalyst Fellow, Rutgers
Data-Driven Templates for stripped SESN
- using SESN templates to start the Gaussian Processes fit
- fitting in log-time because the SN evolution is faster at earlier epochs, slower later
Gaussian Processes subtype templates for IIb, Ib Ic, Ic-bl, Ibn
Dr. Somayeh Khakpash
LSSTC Catalyst Fellow, Rutgers
Data-Driven Templates for stripped SESN
- using SESN templates to start the Gaussian Processes fit
- fitting in log-time because the SN evolution is faster at earlier epochs, slower later
- double exponential kernel
two parameters to optimize
Gaussian Processes subtype templates for IIb, Ib Ic, Ic-bl, Ibn
Dr. Somayeh Khakpash
LSSTC Catalyst Fellow, Rutgers
Data-Driven Templates for stripped SESN
- using SESN templates to start the Gaussian Processes fit
- fitting in log-time because the SN evolution is faster at earlier epochs, slower later
- double exponential kernel
- choosing GP parameters by
- maximizing goodness of fit
- and minimizing oscillations
Gaussian Processes subtype templates for IIb, Ib Ic, Ic-bl, Ibn
Dr. Somayeh Khakpash
LSSTC Catalyst Fellow, Rutgers
Data-Driven Templates for stripped SESN
Gaussian Processes subtype templates for IIb, Ib Ic, Ic-bl, Ibn
Dr. Somayeh Khakpash
LSSTC Catalyst Fellow, Rutgers
Data-Driven Templates for stripped SESN
Gaussian Processes subtype templates for IIb, Ib Ic, Ic-bl, Ibn
Dr. Somayeh Khakpash
LSSTC Catalyst Fellow, Rutgers
Data-Driven Templates for stripped SESN
Gaussian Processes subtype templates for IIb, Ib Ic, Ic-bl, Ibn
Dr. Somayeh Khakpash
LSSTC Catalyst Fellow, Rutgers
Data-Driven Templates for stripped SESN
Gaussian Processes subtype templates for IIb, Ib Ic, Ic-bl, Ibn
Dr. Somayeh Khakpash
LSSTC Catalyst Fellow, Rutgers
Data-Driven Templates for stripped SESN
Problems with the PLAsTiCC data may lead to biased classification models!
Gaussian Processes subtype templates for IIb, Ib Ic, Ic-bl, Ibn
SCONE, Qu et al 2021
Dr. Somayeh Khakpash
LSSTC Catalyst Fellow, Rutgers
Data-Driven Templates for stripped SESN
The PLAsTiCC successor, ELAsTiCC, is an improvement, but still shows issues: large variance, some bias
Gaussian Processes subtype templates for IIb, Ib Ic, Ic-bl, Ibn
Dr. Somayeh Khakpash
LSSTC Catalyst Fellow, Rutgers
Data-Driven Templates for stripped SESN
Identifying unusal SESNe
Relative magnitude
Phase (days)
thank you!
University of Delaware
Department of Physics and Astronomy
Biden School of Public Policy and Administration
Data Science Institute
@fedhere
federica bianco
fbianco@udel.edu
LSST survey strategy optimization
Rubin LSST survey design
distributions of time gaps
in 76 LSST simulations (2018)
Rubin LSST survey design
Li et al. 2021
Rubin Focus Issue of ApJS on Rubin Survey Strategy Optimization
A focus issue of ApJS to publish LSST cadence proposals work
Rubin LSST survey design
Bianco et al. 2021
Because the Rubin LSST data is open to all US scientists and to a broader yet community worldwide, to truly make it a survey of and for and of the people, Rubin Observatory called the community to design its survey -
this is a uniquely "democratic" process!
single document
9 chapters
25 science cases
14
46 papers
467 unique authors
16
39 notes
218 unique authors
173
date
response
available simulations
(OpSim)
2015-17
2018
2021
Rubin LSST survey design
2015-17
The call for cadence white papers generated an unprecedentedly collaborative process that lead to 46 white papers in 2018
Currently 12 have been turned into peer review work
23
23.7
24.7
24.3
25
26.9
28.1
5σ depth
5σ depth
coadd 5σ depth
coadd 5σ depth
survey specifications
(current baseline)
g band
r band
source http://astro-lsst-01.astro.washington.edu:8080/?runId=2
27.1
23.3
0.576
0.52
intranight gap
hours
15
internight gap
days
15
3
median internight gap
days
50
5
median internight gap
days
any filter
r band
current survey specifications
26.9
28.1
coadd 5σ depth
survey specifications
(current baseline)
source http://astro-lsst-01.astro.washington.edu:8080/?runId=2
26.8
29.05
28.6
26.8
survey specifications
(current baseline)
26.8
29.05
28.6
26.8
Lochner et al 2018
Research Inclusion: sonification of LSST lightcurves
Rubin Rhapsodies
Rubin LSST Science Collaborations
federica bianco - fbianco@udel.edu
@fedhere
8 teams
>1500 members
>2000 affiliations
5 continents
Rubin LSST Science Collaborations
federica bianco - fbianco@udel.edu
@fedhere
Active Galactic Nuclei SC
Dark Energy SC
Informatics and Statistics SC
Galaxies SC
Strong Lensing SC
Stars Milky Way Local Volume SC
Solar System SC
Transients and Variable Stars SC
Rubin LSST Science Collaborations
federica bianco - fbianco@udel.edu
@fedhere
Dark Sector Cosmology
Rubin LSST Science Collaborations
federica bianco - fbianco@udel.edu
@fedhere
Dark Sector Cosmology
Milky Way
Rubin LSST Science Collaborations
federica bianco - fbianco@udel.edu
@fedhere
Dark Sector Cosmology
Milky Way
Solar System
Rubin LSST Science Collaborations
federica bianco - fbianco@udel.edu
@fedhere
Dark Sector Cosmology
Milky Way
Solar System
TDA
Rubin LSST Science Collaborations
federica bianco - fbianco@udel.edu
@fedhere
Dark Sector Cosmology
Milky Way
Solar System
TDA
Rubin Observatory LSST
MMA and LEOsats
Iridium satellite number 35 lit up the predawn sky west of Boston at 5 a.m. EST on February 1, 1998, Sky & Telescope
Satellite flares
@fedhere
federica bianco fbianco@udel.edu
Time domain Rubin LSST science
can be mitigated:
- orientation of satellite,
- directing flares away from observer
- knowing coordinates to associate them to alerts
if not mitigate there would be bogus alerts and images ruined by saturating flares
Science Collaborations
METAL23
By federica bianco
