Existing copyright regulation is not  adapted to the reality of research practice in 2015

• multiple authors in different countries
• multiple jurisdictions
• data mining
• crowd sourced science
• various Open Access policies
• Wikipedia ...
• social media
• translations
• civil society
• ...

You don't need to be a copyright expert to know that the current system has it flaws

"All rights reserved"

"Open Means Never Having to Say You're Sorry" by Alan Levine on Flickr CC BY-SA

Research does no longer exclusively happen behind university walls

All icons found on The Noun Project

http://www.theguardian.com/science/2015/may/27/prehistoric-skull-puncture-wounds-murder-spain-neanderthal

http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0126589

http://cds.cern.ch/record/1630222

And Civil Society has an

interest as well!

All icons found on The Noun Project

https://www.techdirt.com/articles/20150409/17514230608/dont-think-open-access-is-important-it-might-have-prevented-much-ebola-outbreak.shtml

Alll research is meant to be consulted, reused, reproduced and built upon

"No access" by Lukas Benc on Flickr, CC BY-ND

A Creative Commons license (or public domain tool)  is universally recognisable, juridically sound, easily applicable and leaves the user in no doubt about the intentions of the author.

• access
• attribution
• re-use
• modification
• commercial use

When you apply a CC license to your work, others can build upon your work, on your conditions ...

"I am so confused" by Ian Sane on Flickr CC BY 2.0

Using a Creative Commons license makes it easy for you to determine what can be done with your work provides clarity for users -

in one click

Avoid Copyright Confusion

Creative Commons licenses are free, easy-to-use copyright licenses providing a simple, standardized way to give the public permission to share and use your creative work — on conditions of your choice. CC licenses let you easily change your copyright terms from the default of “all rights reserved” to “some rights reserved.”

In a world with fair copyright laws, Creative Commons would be superfluous

Never heard of Creative Commons?

Almost 100 volunteer teams worldwide develop these licenses !

http://www.creativecommons.be/

Picture by CCKorea, CC BY on Flickr

And we expect to hit the 1 billion mark this year

https://stateof.creativecommons.org/

CC is ...

• 6 licenses + 2 public domain tools
• a simplification of copyright rules
• an organisation based on volunteer work by advocates and 'open' activists
• aiming to grow 'the commons'
• "a patch for broken copyright"
• in favour of copyright reform

CC is not ...

• an alternative for copyright
• a rightsholder organisation
• a search engine
• a law firm
• a bunch of crazy open access fundamentalists :)

"Some rights reserved"

(A sidenote on the Public Domain)

• (c) has expired
• (c) has been forfeited
• (c) has never been applicable

• timing can vary per jurisdiction
• PD works can be consulted, reused, remixed, adapted without permission or attribution  (there is no (c) holder)
• Derivatives can be protected by (c)

Publiek Domein - The Commons

4 building blocks

Six Licenses

BY

• You are free to:

  • Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format

  • Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material

  • for any purpose, even commercially

• Under the following terms:

  • Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made

  • You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.

SA (ShareAlike)

• Same conditions as CC BY, plus:

  • ShareAlike — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your contributions under the same license as the original.

NC (Non Commercial)

•  Same conditions as CC BY, plus:
  • NonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes

ND

(No Derivatives)

•  Same conditions as CC BY, plus:
  • NoDerivatives — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.

Don't forget:

CC licenses are operative only when applied to material in which a copyright exists, and even then only when a particular use would otherwise not be permitted by copyright.

License chooser

Image by Aston University - licensed under a CC BY 4.0 license

https://stateof.creativecommons.org/report/

How does it work?

Three layers:

• Machine Readable
• Human Readable
• Legal Code

Legal Code

• juridical basis
• "version 4.0"
• created by CC Legal Team + input from communities worldwide
• available in your language
• universally applicable

Human Readable

• summary or 'deed'
• this is what you link to
• available in your language

Machine Readable

• make it easy for "the Web" to know when a work is available under a Creative Commons license

Adding a CC license to your work

Keep in mind when licensing your work:

• Remember the license may not be revoked
• Make sure the material is appropriate for CC licensing.
• Make sure the material is subject to copyright or similar rights
• Think about how you want the material to be used
• Specify additional permissions
• Specify attribution information

https://wiki.creativecommons.org/Considerations_for_licensors_and_licensees

Finding CC licensed content

Citing CC licensed content

a little common sense goes a long way!

• attribution (BY) is obligatory: name of the author and name of the work (if available)
• link to the original source
• mention if the work has been adapted
• state the license under which the material is available, and link to it
• when in doubt: contact the author