Literature Review

• History of CALL
   
• Oral Language
   
• CALL and Oral Proficiency

History of CALL

• Developed over the years
• 3 phases: Behavioristic, Communicative, Integrative CALL
• Behavioristic (1960-70s)
  • Traced back to the 1960s
  • Confined to the universities
  • Computer as a tutor
    • Drill and practice

History of CALL

• Communicative (1970-80s)
  • Personal Computers became available
  • More authentic communication
  • Expanded the "tutor" idea
  • Computer as a stimulus and tool
• Integrative
  • Multimedia and Internet
  • Personal Development
  • Availability