Men først: AutoComplete

AutoCompleteTextView

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
              android:layout_width="fill_parent"
              android:layout_height="fill_parent">

    <AutoCompleteTextView
        android:id="@+id/countryAutoCompleteTextView"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:hint="Enter a country"/>
</LinearLayout>

Autocomplete-adapter

AutoCompleteTextView countryAutoCompleteTextView = (AutoCompleteTextView)
        findViewById(R.id.countryAutoCompleteTextView);

final String[] countries = {
        "Norway",
        "Norfolk",
        "Ananas",
        "Andorra",
};

final ArrayAdapter<String> countriesAdapter = new ArrayAdapter<String>(
        this, android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1, countries);

countryAutoCompleteTextView.setAdapter(countriesAdapter);

Nøyaktig det samme som ListView

R.array.X

Teit med data i Java-koden(?)

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<resources>
    <string-array name="countries">
        <item>Andorra</item>
        <item>United Arab Emirates</item>
        <item>Afghanistan</item>
    </string-array>
</resources>

final String[] countries = getResources().getStringArray(R.array.countries);

final String[] countries = {
        "Norway",
        "Norfolk",
        "Ananas",
        "Andorra",
};

Default ordering: samme rekkefølge som i arrayet

Other stuff

• completionThreshold
• <request-focus>

Unntak(shåndtering)

• Ting kan treffe vifta
   
• Én tråd: UI
   
• Én exception = crash
   
• Bad reputation

Løsninger

ANR

• Input event: 5 sekunder
• BroadcastReceiver: 10 sek.
   
• Threads!
   
• AsyncTask

"Has stopped"

• Try
   
• Catch
   
• Finally

LOGG & si fra til bruker!

Testing!

Flere strategier

• Black box
• White box
• Unit (enhetstesting)
• Integrasjonstesting
• Systemtesting
• +++

TDD (Test Driven Development)

Unit testing

• Tester en enkelt metode i en klasse
   
• Enkelt med pure functions
  • Ingen state
  • Ikke avhengig av endringer i klassen
  • Functional programming!(?)

@Test
public void integerLimits() {
 long result = calculator.add(Integer.MAX_VALUE, 1);
 assertEquals(
  "result should be Integer.MAX_VALUE + 1",
  (long) Integer.MAX_VALUE + 1,
  result
 );
}

Integrasjonstesting

(UI-testing med mer)

• End-to-end-testing
  • Systemtesting?
     
• Tester integrasjoner mellom ting
  • UI og logikk
  • App og server?

Back to basics: JUnit (4!)

// given
Calculator calculator = new Calculator();

// when
int result = calculator.add(2, 3);

// then
assertEquals(5, result);

public class CalculatorTest {
    private Calculator calculator;

    @Before
    public void setUp() {
        calculator = new Calculator();
    }

    // ...
}

@Before[Class]

@After[Class]

• @BeforeClass: før klassen (én gang)
• @Before: før hver metode
   
• @AfterClass: etter klassen (én gang)
• @After: etter metoden
   
• Åpne/lukke nettverkstilkobling?

Tester

private Calculator calculator;

@Before
public void initializeCalculator() {
    calculator = new Calculator();
}

@Test
public void simpleAddition() {
    final String expected = 5;

    final String actual = calculator.add(2, 3);

    assertEquals("2 + 3 = 5", expected, actual);
}

Assert.*

Standard JUnit
 

• assertNull / assertNotNull
• assertTrue / assertFalse
• assertSame / assertNotSame (reference)
• assertEquals (value)

assert?

Testing i Android

• Bygger på JUnit (4)
   
• Ekstra Android-spesifikke API-er og tjenester
   
• Testene kjører på device (emulator er OK)
   
• Tester ligger i src/androidTest/java/…

http://developer.android.com/tools/testing/testing_android.html

Overblikk

http://developer.android.com/tools/testing/testing_android.html

Minimum Viable Setup

// build.gradle

// ...

android {
 // ...

 defaultConfig {
  // ...

  testInstrumentationRunner "android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
 }

 // ...

 dependencies {
  // ...

  // Runner for JUnit 4 support
  androidTestCompile 'com.android.support.test:runner:0.4.1'

  // Support annotations for JUnit 4 tests on older devices
  androidTestCompile 'com.android.support:support-annotations:23.0.1'

  // Actual JUnit
  androidTestCompile 'junit:junit:4.12'
 }

 // ...
}

"Plain" unit tests

public class CountryUtilsTest {
    @Test
    public void textViewToStringConvertsCorrectly() {
        final String country = "Norway";
        final String expectedText = "You selected " + country + "! Good job.";

        final String actualText = CountryUtils.selectedCountryMessage(country);
        assertEquals("Converted text should be equal", expectedText, actualText);
    }

    @Test(expected = IllegalArgumentException.class)
    public void nullCountryThrows() {
        CountryUtils.selectedCountryMessage(null);
    }

    @Test(expected = IllegalArgumentException.class)
    public void emptyCountryThrows() {
        CountryUtils.selectedCountryMessage("    \n \n ");
    }
}

Instrumentation config

// build.gradle

// ...

dependencies {
    // ...

    // Espresso for UI automation testing
    androidTestCompile 'com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-core:2.2.1'
}

Enkel instrumentation

public class AutocompleteDemoTest {

    @Rule
    public ActivityTestRule<AutoCompleteDemoActivity> activityRule = new ActivityTestRule<>(
            AutoCompleteDemoActivity.class
    );

    private AutoCompleteDemoActivity activity;

    @Before
    public void setUp() {
        this.activity = activityRule.getActivity();
    }

    @Test
    public void viewIsPresent() {
        onView(withId(R.id.countryAutoCompleteTextView))
                .check(matches(isDisplayed()));
    }
}

• JUnit (support lib): Rule
• Espresso: onX, perform, check
• Hamcrest: Matcher<T>

Custom Hamcrest matcher

public static Matcher<View> withCompletionThreshold(final int expectedThreshold) {
    return new TypeSafeMatcher<View>() {
        @Override
        protected boolean matchesSafely(View item) {
            if (!(item instanceof AutoCompleteTextView)) {
                return false;
            }
            final int actualThreshold = ((AutoCompleteTextView) item).getThreshold();
            return expectedThreshold == actualThreshold;
        }
        @Override
        public void describeTo(Description description) {
        }
    };
}


@Test
public void completionThresholdIsOne() {
    final Matcher<View> autoCompleteMatcher = withId(R.id.countryAutoCompleteTextView);
    onView(autoCompleteMatcher)
            .check(matches(withCompletionThreshold(1)));
}

Performing actions

onView(withId(R.id.countryAutoCompleteTextView))
        .perform(typeText(input), closeSoftKeyboard());

• Also
  • click()
  • longClick()
  • openLinkWithText()
  • pressBack()
  • pressKey()
  • swipeDown()
• ... og mange fler

http://developer.android.com/reference/android/support/test/espresso/action/ViewActions.html

AutoCompleteTextView

Expected items are displayed

@Test
public void expectedItemsAreDisplayed() {
    final String input = "a";

    onView(withId(R.id.countryAutoCompleteTextView))
            .perform(typeText(input), closeSoftKeyboard());

    final String[] matchingCountries = new String[] {"Ananas", "Andorra"};

    // Verify that each matching country is displayed.
    for (String matchingCountry : matchingCountries) {
        onView(withText(matchingCountry))
                .inRoot(withDecorView(not(is(activity.getWindow().getDecorView()))))
                .check(matches(isDisplayed()));
    }
}

Andre ideer til testing

http://developer.android.com/tools/testing/what_to_test.html

Orientation!

Config

• System language
• Keyboard availability

Battery life

External resources