Command Line 101

pwd

$ pwd

Print Working Directory

ls

$ ls
./           ../          example.txt  hobbit.txt   theme/

$ ls -alh
total 48
drwxr-xr-x@  5 vitaldesign  501   170B Jun 23 15:45 ./
drwx------+ 11 vitaldesign  501   374B Jun 25 16:08 ../
-rw-r--r--@  1 vitaldesign  501   1.3K Jun 23 15:26 example.txt
-rw-r--r--@  1 vitaldesign  501    19K Jun 23 15:29 hobbit.txt
drwxr-xr-x@ 28 vitaldesign  501   952B Jun 23 15:45 theme/

List Files

cd

$ pwd
/Users/vitaldesign/Desktop/bash101

$ cd theme

$ pwd
/Users/vitaldesign/Desktop/bash101/theme

Change Directory

cd

$ cd ..

Change Directory

$ cd -
$ cd ~
$ cd /

Move up one directory

Move back to last directory

Move to user's home directory

Move to server's root directory

Paths

$ find . -name "wp-config.php"

.

Current Directory

Paths

$ find / -name "wp-config.php"

/

Server Root

$ find /home/madeb9/public_html -name "wp-config.php"

Paths

$ find ~ -name "wp-config.php"

~

User Home

$ find ~/public_html -name "wp-config.php"

cp

$ cp example.txt example-copy.txt

Copy

$ cp example.txt /home/user2/public_html/example-copy.txt

mv

$ mv example2.txt theme/example2.txt

Move

Rename

$ mv example.txt example-renamed.txt

rm

$ rm example3.txt

Remove

Remove Directory

$ rm -rf example

mkdir

$ mkdir foo

Make Directory

touch

$ touch foo

Create File

nano

Text Editor

cat

$ cat long.txt

Concatenate and Print File

head

$ head long.txt

Display first part of a file

$ tail -n 5 long.txt
$ tail long.txt
$ head -n 3 long.txt

tail

Display last part of a file

less

$ less long.txt

Display File Contents, Paginated

find

$ find . -name "*.js"

Find all files with .js extension

$ find . -type f -perm 755

Find all files with 755 permissions

$ find . -name respond.js

Find file

grep

$ grep bomp example.txt

Global Regular Expression Print

$ grep --color=auto bomp example.txt
$ grep "bomp bah bomp" example.txt

grep

$ grep -nis bomp example.txt

Global Regular Expression Print

$ grep -rnis hex2rgb *

>

$ grep -nis bomp example.txt > results.txt

Redirect Output

|

$ mysqldump <options> | gzip > example.sql.gz

Pipe Output

man

$ man find

Manual (Help!)

Shortcuts

~/.bash_profile

SSH

$ ssh -p 2222 root@host.servername.com

SSH

Connect

SSH Keys

SSH Keys

Generating Keys

$ ssh-keygen

SSH Keys

Adding to Remote Server

Append to authorized_keys (file already exists)

$ cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub | ssh user@123.45.56.78 'umask 077; cat >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys'

Create .ssh/authorized_keys and add key (brand new server)

$ cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub | ssh user@123.45.56.78 "mkdir -p ~/.ssh && cat >>  ~/.ssh/authorized_keys"

SSH Keys

Adding to Remote Server (cPanel)

$ pbcopy < ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub
$ cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub

Mac

Windows

Copy key to clipboard

SSH Keys

Adding to Remote Server (cPanel)

SSH Keys

Adding to Remote Server (cPanel)

SSH Keys

Adding to Remote Server (cPanel)

SSH Keys

Adding to Remote Server (WHM/root user)

Follow same procedure as cPanel, starting here:

SSH

Configuration

$ ssh dev

SSH

Configuration

Host nickname
  Hostname server.example.com
  IdentityFile ~/.ssh/id_rsa
  User username
  Port 1234
$ ssh nickname

~/.ssh/config

SSH Keys

Adding to GitHub

sudo

Super User Do

Allows any user to run commands as root

$ sudo nano /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

Re-run last command with sudo

$ sudo !!

Resources

linfo.org

explainshell.com

codecademy.com/learn/learn-the-command-line

commandlinefu.com

Tools

bashrcgenerator.com

ohmyz.sh

iTerm2

Terminal App Replacement

Command Line 101

By Adam Walter

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Command Line 101

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