Research Ethics
- an introduction
TAMOS, 2013
Karim Jebari
Division of Philosophy, KTH
Outline of this lecture
- Scientific honesty and scientific misconduct
- The use of humans in research
- The scientist’s responsibility for the consequences of research
The Tuskegee Study
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The Vipeholm Study
The Jan Hendrik Schön case
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Ethical vs. legal obligations
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Ethical scientific practice?
- Management of data
- Sharing of data
- Authorship
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Plagiarism
Scientific miscunduct
”fabrication,
falsification, or plagiarism in proposing, performing, or reviewing research,
or in reporting research results”
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Fabrication of data
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Falsification of data
why is this important?
- Reliability & quality
- Replication
- Accountability
- Intellectual propoerty
How can this happen?
Trust is important
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Publish or perish
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Complexity
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Remoteness
Openness
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Advancement of knowledge
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Critizism and feedback
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Build trust
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Public acceptance
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Discuss 1
The Gillberg case
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when can openness be wrong?
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Intellectual property
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National security?
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Confidential information?
Authorship
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Discussion 2
Who is an "author"?
Contribtion
+
Approval
What is plagiarism?
To claim credit for other's work.
Discussion 3
Self- plagiarism?
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"10- 30 % rule"
Check KTH:s tutorial!
Break!
(15 min)
The use of humans in research
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The Nuremburg Code (1949)
Basic ethical principles
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Respect for persons
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Beneficence
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Justice
Respect for persons
Autonomy and privacy
Informed consent
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Provision of information
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Voluntary participation
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Decision-making capacity
Access to information?
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complete
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comprehensible
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Not so simple...
- What does understanding mean?
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Can information always be given?
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who is a "volunteer"?
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Option to decline
- No coercion
More trouble...
Geoengineering?
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WHO IS CAPABEL TO DECIDE?
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What can we do?
We need to know how kids react to medicine.
Discussion 4
The mIlgram experiment
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Is this ok?
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No informed consent
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Harmed subjects
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Validity?
Social RESPONSIBILITIES
- Knowledge can be dangerous
- Neccessary for public support
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A duty of beneficience?
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Bioterror
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who is right?
A: We need to know!
B: Knowledge is dangerous.
Summary
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Why research ethics?
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Scientific misconduct
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Human experiments
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Social responsibility
Thank You!
Karim Jebari
jebarikarim@gmail.com
politiskfilosofi.com
twitter.com/karimjebari
Research Ethics - an introduction TAMOS, 2013 Karim Jebari Division of Philosophy, KTH
Research Ethics
By Karim Jebari
Research Ethics
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