Early Middle Ages
Unit 1
In 3rd and 4th Century AD
Roman Empire was invaded
by HUNS and GERMANIC Tribes
Emperor CONSTANTINE
Moved the capital from Rome to Constantinople
Emperor THEODOSIUS
Divided the Roman Empire
Western and Eastern Empire
The Byzantine Empire
in the Eastern Roman Empire
and lasted 1000 years.
Germanic tribes formed small kingdoms
the Western Roman Empire
Angles and Saxons
Roman called the these people
Barbarians
= foreign (extrañeros)
savage AND uncivilized
Germanic tribes
North and East Europe
farmers
with animals and agriculture
Barbarians
Economic exchanges
Joined the Roman army
Germanic Tribes
Friends of the Romans
Violent attacks against Roman cities
Settled in Roman territory peacefully
But sometimes enemies
Germanic and Roman populations
LANGUAGE
New languages emerged
LAW
Combination of Roman law with Germanic customs
Religion
Pagan Germanic Tribes
converted to Arianism then Christianity
Germanic influence
German Dutch English
Latin influence
Spanish French Italian
3) Majority peasants
worked the land or livestock
2) clergy - monks lived in monasteries
1) Ruled by a king
Germanic Society
Germanic Society
Lived in villages
No long distance trade
Bought and sold in local markets
Rural society
Visigoths and Romans
ALLIANCES
CONFLICTS
Visigoths raided
Roman cities
Romans gave
Visigoths
land and food
Visigoths
gave Roman soldiers
for Roman armies
SACK OF ROME
410AD
Visigoths invaded and
destroyed Rome
In 415
Roman Emperor
asked Visigoths
to expel the SUEVIs, VANDALs and ALANs
from the Iberian Peninsula
Roman Emperor Honorius
gave the VISIGOTHS
Gaul in south-west France and
most of the Iberian Peninsula
Visigoths acted as representatives
for the Romans
Capital - TOULOUSE
In 507AD
FRANKS wanted access to the Mediterranean Sea
Pushed
the VISIGOTHS
out of Gaul
Visigoths moved the capital to TOLEDO
Toledo
Visigoths Glorious Period 568AD to 672AD
KING LEOVIGILD expanded the
Visigothic Kingdom
His son RECCARED made the kingdom CHRISTIAN
King Recceswinth
unified the laws
However,
in 7th Century
Visigothic kingdom divided and internal fighting began
This weakened the Visigoth Kingdoms,
so....
In 711AD
The Islamic Empire invaded and conquered the Iberian Peninsula.
Text
The Visigothic kingdoms
disappeared.
San Pedro de la Nave, Campillo, Zamora
One of the most important
Visigothic Churchs
San Pedro de la Nave, Campillo, Zamora
The Byzantine Empire
395 - 1453AD
The Eastern Roman Empire
/ Byzantine Empire
Capital - Constantinople
Justinian and,
his wife,Theodora
527-565CE
The Byzantine Empire
Ruled the government, army and religious leaders together.
He invaded and conquered
ITALY,
IBERIAN PENINSULA
and NORTH AFRICAN COAST
JUSTINIAN
wanted to rebuild the Roman Empire
so...
Dominated the coast of Mediterraneean Sea
and
controlled trade between
East and West
Created gold coins
to make trading easier
Justinian recuperated and modernized Roman Laws
The Justinian Code
This document
was called
"INNOCENT UNTIL
PROVEN GUILTY"
Hagia Sophia
video???
Hagia Sofia
The most important church in the Byzantine Empire
Built in 5 years (532-537CE)
during Justinian reign
Why did the church change
into a mosque (mezquita) ?
What happened to the mosaics?
What changed when the Hagia Sofia
became a mosque, and why?
watch the video and
answer the questions
Fall of the Byzantine Empire
After Justinian death in 565CE
the Byzantine Empire began to lose territories
Difficult to defend and protect borders
6th Century
Lombards
conquered Italian Peninsula
7th Century
Lost southern
Iberian Peninsula
to the Visigoths
7th and 8th Century
Islamic Empire
began to conquer
territories
around the eastern coasts
of Mediterranean Sea
Urban society
people lived in big cities
Damascus
Alexandria
Such as...
Byzantine Society
Byzantine Society
Basileus
(head of government)
Patriarch of Constantinople
(head of church)
Artisans, merchants, soldiers
and
free peasants
Servants and slaves
Urban society - people live in big cities
Byzantine Society
Bought and sold in city markets
Religion changed
EAST -WEST SCHISM
East
CATHOLIC ORTHODOX CHURCH
they didn't recognize the POPE's authority
Patriarch of Constantinope
head of Orthodox Church
West
ROMAN CATHOLIC CHURCH
Leader - Pope
in 1054
Roman Catholic church divided
Culture and art changed
Greek Alphabet
Greek replaced Latin
Latin Alphabet
the OTTOMAN TURKS conquered CONSTANTINOPLE
ending the BYZANTINE EMPIRE
In 1453, almost 1000 years
after its beginning...
Fall of the Byzantine Empire
UNIT 1 Early Middle Ages
By txecor
